intro to motion and forces Flashcards
vectors must add to be
smaller than or equal to the sum of their magnitudes
vectors must subtract to be
greater than or equal to the difference of their magnitudes
distance is a vector or scalar quantity
scalar
displacement is a vector or scalar quantity
vector
speed is a vector or scalar quantity
scalar
velocity is a vector or scalar quantity
vector
average velocity equation
displacement/time
average speed equation
distance/time
acceleration equation
change in velocity/time
any change in velocity whether it is magnitude, direction or both is
acceleration
a particle moving at constant velocity has no
acceleration
a ball thrown into the air has what at the very top before it begins to fall
acceleration because it is changing its direction to start moving downward. velocity is zero
area under velocity vs time curve is
distance
mass does not affect projectile motion assuming that
there is no air resistance
inertia
is the tendency of an object to remain in its present state of motion
mass is
the quantitative measure of an object’s inertia. This will tell us how much that object will resist a change in its motion. usually measured in kg
weight
is the gravitational force that an object experiences when it is close to a much larger body such as earth. measured in Newtons
center of mass
is the single point at which all of the system’s mass can be considered to be concentrated. is the point through which a single force can be applied in any direction to cause all points in the system to accelerate equally
newton’s first law of motion
objects in the state of rest or in a state of motion will tend to remain in that state unless it is acted upon by a net force.
newton’s second law of motion
when a net force acts on an object the change in that object’s state of motion will be inversely proportional to the mass of the object and directly proportional to the net force. F=ma
newton’s third law
for every action there exists an equal and an opposite reaction
law of universal gravitation
F= G(m1m2)/r^2 G= 6.67X10^-11m^3k/gs^2
Normal force is always perpendicular to
the surface that applies it
friction
is a force that opposes relative motion. It is caused by attractive molecular forces between surfaces that are in contact
when considering air resistance net downward force is
greater than gravity
more massive objects are less affected by
air resistance
hookes law
describes the force that most objects apply against a deforming force. The objects force is directly proportional to the amount of deformation
F=-kdeltax
the force of air resistance is dependent on
surface area, the shape, and the velocity of the object
