Intro To Microbiology Flashcards
Organism whose cells have a true nucleus and bound organelles
Eukaryotes
Organism whose cells do NOT have a nucleus
DNA and other material float freely
Have cell walls
Prokaryotes
Bacteriology
Rickettsiology
Virology
Protozoology
Mycology
Divisions of Microbiology
Science that studies bacteria
Bacteriology
Science that studies Rickettsia
Rickettsiology
Genus of gram-negative, pathogenic, obligate intercellular parasitic bacteria
Rickettsia
Study of viruses and viral diseases
Virology
Science that deals with the study of protozoa
Protozoology
Eukaryotic, animal-like, unicellular organisms
Some may be pathogenic
Protozoa
Branch of science concerned with the study of fungi
Mycology
Bacteria
Mycoplasma
Rickettsia
Chlamydia
Virus
Protozoa
Fungi
Pathogenic microorganisms
Prokaryotic, one-called microorganism
Exist as free-living organisms or parasites
Majority of infectious diseases are caused by
Reproduce by binary fission
Bacteria
Aka simple cell division
Asexual process, one requires one organism
Binary fission
Group of bacteria with no wall
Highly resistant to antibiotics that target the cell wall
Highly pleomorphic, able to assume different shapes due to lack of cell wall
Mycoplasma
Obligate inter-cellular parasites, must have a host cell in which they replicate
Usually spread by arthropod vectors (lice, flea, tick)
Rickettsia
Mechanism that conveys/moves a pathogen from one host to another
Vector
Obligate intra-cellular parasites
Chlamydia
Obligate intra-cellular parasite
Strand of genetic material wrapped in only one type of nucleus acid: RNA or DNA
Virus
Small proteinaceous particle that is resistant to most procedures that modify nucleic acid
Does not contain DNA or RNA
Obligate intra-cellular parasite
Responsible for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and mad cow
Prion
One-celled eukaryotic multi-cellular organisms
Majority do not cause disease but some are pathogenic
Protozoa
Unicellular fungus
Reproduces by budding
Yeasts
Multicellular fungus
Reproduces by spore formation
Molds
Can assume either unicellular or multicellular
Dimorphic
Coccus
round or spherical
Bacillus
rod-shaped
Spirochete
have a flexible cell wall
Spirillum
has a rigid cell wall
Vibrio
comma-shaped appearance
Diplo
pair
Strepto
chain
Staphylo
cluster
pair of spherical bacteria
diplococci
cluster of spherical bacteria
staphylococci
chain of spherical bacteria
streptococci
pair of rod-shaped bacteria
diplobacilli
chain of rod-shaped bacteria
streptobacilli
main purpose is to prevent rupture due to osmotic pressure differences
cell wall
lines the cell wall
selectively permeable
cell membrane
eukaryotes; functional organelles inside the cell
prokaryotes; internal matrix inside the cell
cytoplasm
provides protection against adverse conditions; phagocytosis and other defense systems
capsule
thick-walled body produced to enable survival in unfavorable environmental conditions
endospore
bacterium for an endospore when it encounters adverse environmental conditions
sporulating
conditions favorable for growth, bacterium germinate, returns to normal state
vegetative state
the means of a cell to move under its own power
motility
long, whip-like filament
flagella
hair-like structures, like oars on a boat, sway together
cilia
allow bacterial cells to attach/adhere to surface
pili/fimbria
microbe’s virulence
the degree to which it can cause disease
