Intro to Lab Med Flashcards
Screening
Used to identify disease in asymptomatic people. Early intervention and reduce morbidity and mortality
Charactistics of Population
- Sufficiantly high prevalence of disease
2. Likely to be compliant with subsequent tests and tx.
Characteristics of disease
- Significant morbidity and mortality
- Effective and acceptable treatment available
- Presymptomatic period detectable
- improved outcome for early tx
Characteristics of test
- Good sensitivity and specificity
- Low cost and risk
- comfirmatory test available and practical
Qualitative Test
Either positive or negative
Absent or present
Quantitative Test
Measures amount reported in mass or volume
- d-dimer
- sed-rate
Reference range
95% of the results determine the normal range. The 2.5% outliers are thrown out.
Accuracy
Values that fall within the correct range.
Determined by its correspondence with the true value.
Precision
Values that are well grouped, have the ability to be inaccurate as well because may be grouped outside the correct range.
-possess the coefficient of variation, which the variation among samples.
Sensitivity
- The ability of a test to detect the presence of a disease.
- Contains few false negatives, so it is used for ruling OUT disease. SnOUT
Specificity
- The ability to detect the absence of a disease.
- Very few false positives.
- SpIN: Use this test to rule IN disease
The higher the pre-test probability …..
The more likely you are to get a positive test result.
Electrolyte Panel
Na, K, Cl, Co2
BMP
Na, K, Cl, CO2, Glu, BUN, Crea, Ca
CMP
Na, K, Cl, CO2, Glu, Bun, Crea, Ca, TP, AlB, AST, ALT, ALP, T. Bili, D. Bili
