Intro to Implant Dentistry Flashcards
The leading causes for teeth loss are…
caries and periodontal disease
Approximately ____% of adults aged 20 to 64 have no teeth
5%
almost ___% of seniors (above the age of 65) have no remaining teeth.
30%
Approximately __% of US adults aged 20-64 had dental caries in 2011-2012
91%
Periodontal disease affects ___% of the population between 35-44
years of age
75%
Periodontal disease affects ___% of people over 65 years of age
95%
__________ Americans are missing at least one tooth
120 million
more than ________ Americans are currently edentulous
36 million
The dental implant and final abutment market in the U.S. is currently valued at ________ and is forecast to reach $1.5 billion by 2025 and is largely driven by general practitioner procedure growth
$1.1 billion
The success rate of dental implants has been reported inthescientific literature to be around ____%
98%
Denture - ___% of lost function restored
30%
Removable Partial - __% of lost function restored
60%
Fixed Dental Prostheses (Crowns
and Bridges) - ____% of lost function restored
100%
What is a dental implant?
A prosthetic device or alloplastic material implanted into the oral tissues beneath the mucosal and/or periosteal layer, and/or within the bone to provide retention and support for a fixed or removable dental prosthesis
What are the three implant categories?
- Eposteal: on/around the bone
- Transosteal: through the bone
- Endosteal: in the bone
What is an eposteal implant?
on/around the bone
- Subperiosteal
What is a transosteal implant?
through the bone
- Transmandibular
What is an endosteal implant?
in the bone
- Blade and Root Form
What are subperiosteal implants made of?
Vitallium metal
What kind of dentures are made on subperiosteal implants?
Denture is implant supported = expensive
What is the 10 year survival rate for the subperiosteal implant?
85%
When are subperiosteal implants indicated?
atrophic edentulous mandible
What does bone resorption of a subperiosteal implant lead to?
mobility infection and loss
What is a transosteal implant made of?
titanium metal
What is the 15 year success rate of a transosteal implant?
91%
When are transosteal implants indicated?
Only indicated for the edentulous mandible
- Excellent for the atrophic mandible where root form implants would weaken the jaw
What type of denture is used with a transosteal implant?
Denture is tissue supported
Why are transosteal implants not widely used?
- Requires one surgery usually in the hospital.
- External incision / approach
- Complex surgical procedure therefore not widelyused.
Where can you put a transosteal implant?
Restricted to the anterior mandible.
What is the success rate of a transmandibular implant?
97%
What type of denture is used with a transmandibular implant?
implant supported denture
What is a transmandibular implant made of?
Gold alloy
What makes a transmandibular implant reversible?
can be removed due to design of screws and degree of integration, but not easy process
When are transmandibular implants used?
Used for severe atrophic mandibles <10mm
What does a transmandibular implant allow for?
■Allows facial muscles to be reattached to improve facialprofile
■One stage, extra-oral approach (submental)
■Eliminates ridge augmentation or vestibuloplasty
What are the three types of endosteal implants?
blade, cylinder, screw
What are the characteristics of a blade endosteal implant?
■ Titanium metal
■One stage/best for partially edentulous mandibles
■Most widely used until 1980
What is the success rate (5 years) of the blade endosteal implant?
75%
What caused early failures of the blade endosteal implant?
heat at preparation and immediate loading
What are the drawbacks of a blade endosteal implant?
Difficult to prepare a precision slot and if it fails, a large section of bone is involved
What is the success rate of a root form endosteal implant?
greater than 90%
When are root form endosteal implants indicated?
partially and fully edentulous cases/any area of the mouth (versatility)
What are the uses of root form endosteal implants?
overdenture, hybrid, crown and bridge, ortho anchorage
What are the characteristics of a root form implant?
■Titanium or an alloy of titanium-aluminum-vanadium metal
■1 or 2 stage approach
■ In office procedure
■Screws/Cylinders
■Machined or rough (to increase surface area for integration)
Who’s research made root form implants the standard?
Per-Ingvar Brånemark (the daddy of implant dentistry)
What type of implant can you use the posterior maxilla is atrophic?
Super Implants: Zygomatic & Pterygoid
What is osseointegration?
a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the surface of a load-carrying implant
Why is titanium used for implants?
■ Not recognized as a foreign object by the body
■ Less host rejection than other metals/alloys
■Medicine also recognized utilization in joint replacements and heart valves
What are the differences in disease processes between teeth and implants?
Teeth:
* Caries
* Periodontaldisease
Implants:
* Peri-implantitis (bone)
* Peri-mucositis(soft-tissue)
What are the different types of implant designs?
- one piece vs two piece
- tissue level vs bone level
- external hex vs internal hex
Predictability of single implant fixture survival is in the _______% range
94-98%
_____% of implant failures occur prior to the placement of the restoration
55-60%
_____% of implant failures occur after the restoration placement
40-45%
What % of implant failures occured in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year?
- 57% of the failures occurred in 1st year
- 34% of the failures occurred in the 2nd year
- 9% of the failures occurred in the 3rd year
- 0%after?
How much bone loss during the 1st year of implant?
1 mm average
How much bone loss during each year after the first year of implant?
0.1 mm average
__mm of soft-tissue recession can generally be expected during the first year of an implant
1mm
Most soft tissue recession occurs within the first ___ months following abutment connection surgery
3
