Intro to Hist Flashcards

1
Q

What are the steps involved in Microscopy?

A

Remember: The Fly Does Eat, Sans Mouth Villi

Tissue collection, Fixation, Dehydration, Embedding, Sectioning, Mounting and Staining, Viewing

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2
Q

What are 3 types of tissue collection?

A

Needle biopsy, Endoscopic biopsy, Other (Transvascular, Direct Excision, Curettage)

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3
Q

What is a cutterage biopsy?

A

removal of tissue by scooping or scraping, ex: endometrial lining of uterus

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4
Q

What is the goal of fixation and why is dehydration only relatively good at fixating?

A

prevent degradation + maintain architecture. Dehydrating = no fine detail

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5
Q

What are some common CHEMICAL fixatives?

A

Formaldehyde (crosslinks proteins and inactivates them) and Glutaraldehyde

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6
Q

What is one dehydration fixative?

A

OH

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7
Q

What can you use to rapid freeze for fixation?

A

Liquid isopentane OR N2

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8
Q

What methods/materials can be used for Embedding and sectioning?

A

Paraffin wax, Acrylic resin, Frozen sections

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9
Q

You have a sample that is 6 µm wide. What embedding material would you use?

A

Paraffin wax, best for 5-8 µm for light microscopy, Good resolution but slow (24 hrs)

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10
Q

What would you use for a 1 µm section that is to be used in high res light microscopy. What Embedding agent should you use?

A

Acrylic Resin, make it hard, bake it, ultrathin EM (60-80 µm), incompatible with most stains, slow!

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11
Q

What embedding agent is used when rapid-freezing?

A

Water! 12-20 µm, so low res, IDEAL for most stains, RAPID

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12
Q

H & E Stain?

A

Hematoxylin is Blue= Basic binds to Acid (cartilage matrix)

Eosin is Pink= Acidic, binds to basic regions (collagen fibers)

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13
Q

Massons’s trichome?

A

Dark Blue: Nuclei
Red: Muscle, keratin, cytoplasm
Light Blue: mucinogen, collagen

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14
Q

I want to view an RBC under a microscope, what should I use?

A

RBC is 7.6 µm, so use Light Microscope (0.25 µm)

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15
Q

I want to look at a human ovum, what should I use?

A

Human ovum is 100 µm, so use Light Microscope (0.25 µm)

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16
Q

I want to look at some S. Aureus. What should I use?

A

Staph is 1 µm, so use Light Microscope (0.25 µm)

17
Q

I want to look at a virus like Polio, what should I use?

A

Polio is 28 nm so use Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) (10 nm)

18
Q

Histological sections are _ dimensional views of _ dimensional structures.

19
Q

What are the types of cuts of a histological section?

A

oblique sections, longitudinal section, cross-section

20
Q

What does H & E highlight?

A

Hematoxylin, H, Blue, acidic, binds to cartilage matrix

Eosin, E, Pink, Basic, Collagen fibers

21
Q

What do you see under scope of Connective Tissue with H & E stain?

A

Histiocyte (Macrophage), Blue
RBCs, Red or Pink (7.6 µm)
Collagen, Pink stringy

22
Q

What do you see with blood on Wright stain?

A

Basophils- Red inner material

23
Q

What is a Wright Stain?

A

Methylene Blude and Eosin, used for differential staining of blood cells.
Pink- RBCs, Eosinophil granules
Blue- Nuclei of WBCs, cytoplasm of monocytes and lymphocytes