Intro to Hematology (complete) Flashcards
Define hematopoiesis
Formation of blood cellular components
Define erythropoiesis
Process by which RBCs are produced
Define hemolysis
Rupturing (lysing!) of erythrocytes (aka RBCs), which release its contents (hemoglobin!)
Define hemostasis
The stopping of bleeding
Define thrombosis
Formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel — this obstructs blood flow
Describe the basic shape of an erythrocyte
Biconcave disc — something like an almost-donut… mmm
Purpose: 1) increases SA:volume, 2) can compress to get through capillaries, 3) moves more easily in general
Describe the composition of an erythrocyte
1) No nucleus: was one in bone marrow, but removed when released into blood stream
2) No mitos: similar to above; therefore RBCs require anaerobic glycolysis
3) Contains lots of Hb for O2 transport
4) Highly elastic membrane with cytoskeletal proteins attached to transmembrane proteins
5 types of WBCs in blood
Neutrogena limps by more eons
Neutrophils Lymphocytes Basophils Monocytes Eosinophils
Compare and contrast leukemia and lymphoma
Leukemia: cancer cells in blood that arise from bone marrow
Lymphoma: “extramedullary” (outside bone marrow); collections of malignant lymphoid cells, usually in lymph nodes or other lymph organs
Compare and contrast acute leukemia and chronic leukemia
Acute: cancer cells are immature in their degree of differentiation; treatment = rapid
Chronic: more mature; requires longer treatment
Compare and contrast lymphoid leukemia and myeloid leukemia
Lymphoid: arise from lymphocytic lineage
Myeloid: arise from one of the other bone marrow types
What are platelets?
AKA: thrombocytes
Where do platelets come from?
Produced from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow
What is the basic function of platelets?
Cellular component of blood responsible for hemostatis
What are megakaryocytes?
Large polyploid cells in bone marrow
Can produce up to 5,000 platelets
