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HEMA 1 > intro to hema > Flashcards

intro to hema Flashcards

1
Q

in vivo, the pale yellow color of blood is called

A

plasma

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2
Q

in vitro, tha pale yellow color of blood is called

A

serum or plasma

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3
Q

pale yellow color of blood is when the blood is non anticoagulated or not mixed with any anticoagulant

A

serum

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4
Q

pale yellow color of blood is when the blood is anticoagulated or mixed with any anticoagulant that prevents blood from clotting

A

plasma

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5
Q

the red color of blood is because of

A

hemoglobin

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6
Q

primary function of the blood

A

Respiratory

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7
Q

it is the waste product of body tissues that must be excreted by the lungs

A

CO2

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8
Q

patient will have _____ if CO2 is not excreted

A

acidosis

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9
Q

it is the primary buffering action of the blood that maintains the pH of the hlood

A

hemoglobin

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10
Q

primary natural occuring anticoagulant inside the body

A

Heparan sulfate

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11
Q

2 components of hemoglobin

A

iron and protein

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12
Q

what portion of hemoglobin is responsible for the red color of the blood?

A

heme portion/ iron content

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13
Q

reduced functional iron

A

ferrous iron

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14
Q

oxidized nonfunctional iron

A

ferric iron

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15
Q

in order for the hemoglobin molecule to be functional inside the body, the iron content of the molecule should always be on its

A

ferrous form or reduced form

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16
Q

blood has an average pH of

A

7.4

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17
Q

Specific gravity of blood

A

1.055

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18
Q

blood is how many times thicker than water

A

3-5 times

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19
Q

blood is how many percent TBW in an adult

A

7-8%

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20
Q

solid portion of the blood is how many percent

A

45%

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21
Q

liquid portion of the blood is how many percent

A

55%

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22
Q

What’s the difference between a plasma and a serum?

A

The plasma contains the coagulation factor, fibrinogen whereas serum does not contain fibrinogen at all.

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23
Q

What substance is found in plasma that is absent in serum

A

fibrinogen

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24
Q

What is in serum that is not found in plasma

A

serum contains the substance serotonin whereas plasma does not have the substance serotonin.

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25
Q

other names of RBC

A

erythrocytes, normocytes, akaryocytes, erythroplastids

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26
Q

oldest name of RBC

A

erythroplastids

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27
Q

other name of WBC

A

leukocytes, leucoplastids

28
Q

oldest name of WBC

A

leucoplastids

29
Q

What are the granular leukocytes

A

Neutrophil
Eosinophils
Basophils

30
Q

What are the Agranular leukocytes

A

Lymphocytes

Monocytes

31
Q

aka polymorphonuclearphagocyte

A

neutrophil

32
Q

aka mononuclearphagocyte

A

monocyte

33
Q

functions as cellular immunity

A

Neutrophil
Monocytes
Eosinophils
Basophil

34
Q

this WBC’s main action is degranulation

A

Basophil

35
Q

this WBC is for humoral immunity

A

Lymphocyte

36
Q

other name of platelets

A

thrombocytes, thromboplastids

37
Q

this WBC is responsible for hemostasis and coagulation

A

Monocyte

38
Q

bottom layer after centrifugation

A

RBC

39
Q

middle layer after centrifugation

A

buffy coat (WBC & platelets)

40
Q

top portion after centrifugation

A

liquid (serum and plasma)

41
Q

Normal RBC value

A

4.3 M - 5.7M

42
Q

Normal WBC value

A

4000 - 11000

43
Q

Platelets normal value

A

150000-450000

44
Q

Why does RBC settle at the bottom?

A

because it is the heaviest cellular element since it comes in millions.

45
Q

venipuncture is aka

A

phlebotomy

46
Q

arterial puncture can only hold how much blood?

A

5 mL

47
Q

Capillary puncture can only hold how much blood?

A

2 mL

48
Q

3 Factors in a Good Venipuncture

A

Phlebotomist
Patient and his veins
Equipment

49
Q

an eloquent manifestation of a poor venipuncture due to poor skill of the phlebotomist

A

hematoma

50
Q

the exact mechanism wherein a cottonball reinitiates bleeding in the injured site

A

it will disrupt the platelet plug formation

51
Q

tourniquet must be applied in the arm no longer than?

A

no longer than one minute

52
Q

prolonged application of touniquet TO THE PATIENT results to

A

hemoconcentration

increase of fibrinolytic activity of the blood sample

53
Q

prolonged application of the tourniquet TO THE BLOOD SAMPLE results to?

A

hemolysis

54
Q

uses high intensity LED lights to shine through the patient’s subcutaneous tissue and highlights veins.
- very expensive

A

Venescope II

55
Q

3 Factors in selection of a needle

A

size of patient’s vein
depth of the patient’s vein
blood volume

56
Q

needle used in ETS

A

Multisampling needle

57
Q

needle used in Syringe method

A

Hypodermic needle

58
Q

needle used in either ETS/Syringe

A

Winged infusion needle

59
Q

What is the color and number of multisampling needle used as STANDARD

A

green, 21

60
Q

number and color of the needle used in Butterfly winged infusion

A

23, Black

61
Q

number of hypodermic needle used in SYRINGE

A

18

62
Q

T/F: The gauge number and diameter of the needle is INVERSELY PROPORTIONAL

A

T

63
Q

Needle gauge number used for donor units and blood donation and is attached to collection bags

A

15-17

64
Q

part of the needle that is covered by a rubber sheath that retracts as the needle gets through the stopper and slides back to prevent leakage of blood

A

Multisample needle with safety feature

65
Q

holds the evacuated tube and helps in securing the needle

A

needle and tube holder

66
Q

2 methods on How to prevent blood from clotting

A
  1. Removal of calcium

2. Inhibiting the formation of thrombin

HEMA 1 (1 decks)

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