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Haematology > Intro To Haematology > Flashcards

Intro To Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

Describe red blood cells, Erythrocytes

A 
No nucleus 
Bio concave shape
Flattened and thin 
Flexible 
Could have ABO antigens or Rhesus factor group
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2
Q

Where are red blood cells made?

Life span?

A

Bone marrow

120 days

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3
Q

Function of Red Blood cells

A

Contain protein hemoglobin transports oxygen from lungs to rest of body and carbon dioxide from rest of body to the lungs

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4
Q

Describe the structure of Monocytes

A

Horse shoe shaped nucleus

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5
Q

Where are monocytes made?

Life span?

A

Bone marrow

20-40 hours

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6
Q

Function of monocytes

A

Help break down bacteria

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7
Q

What type of blood cell is lymphocyte?

A

WBC

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8
Q

Describe the structure of lymphocytes?

A

Large nucleus

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9
Q

Where do lymphocytes develop?

A

Thymus and bone marrow

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10
Q

Where are T and B cells located?

A

T-cells migrate to the thymus

B-cells remain in bone marrow

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11
Q

What is the life span of lymphocytes?

A

Weeks-years

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12
Q

What is the function of lymphocytes?

A

Create antibodies to fight against, bacteria, viruses, and other potentially harmful invaders.

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13
Q

Describe the structure of Neutrophils?

A

2-5 lobes

Pink-blue or grey-blue granules in cytoplasm

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14
Q

What type of blood cell is neutrophils?

A

Granulocytes

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15
Q

Where are neutrophils made ?

A

Bone marrow

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16
Q

What is the life span of neutrophils?

A

6 to 10 hours

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17
Q

Function of Neutrophils?

A

They kill and digest bacteria and fungi.
Most numerous types of white blood cell and first line of defence when infection strikes.

Conc in blood increase naturally in response to infection, injury and other types of stress

18
Q

What type of cell is basophils?

A

Granulocytes- WBC

19
Q

Describe the structure of basophils.

A

Bi-lobed

Dense, dark purple granules in cytoplasm

20
Q

Where are basophils produced?

A

Bone marrow

21
Q

Life span of basophils?

A

Days

22
Q

Function of basophils?

A

Signal when infections agent invades body

Secrete histamine control’s body immune response

23
Q

What type of cell is Eosinophils?

A

Granulocytes-WBC

24
Q

Describe the structure of Eosinophils.

A

No more than 3 lobes

Bright red-orange

Granules in cytoplasm

25
Q

Where are eosinophils produced ?

A

Bone marrow

26
Q

Life span of eosinophils?

A

Days

27
Q

Function of eosinophils?

A

Movement to inflamed area, modulating

inflammatory responses.

28
Q

What type of blood cell is platelets?

A

Thrombocytes

29
Q

Describe the structure of platelets

A

Fragments of cells

30
Q

Where are Platelets formed?

A

Bone marrow from megakaryocytes cells which under go fragmentation to produce 1000 platelets each

31
Q

Life span of platelets?

A

10 days

32
Q

Function of platelets?

A

At site of damage\injury they aid in forming clots to stop the bleeding and fix the damage

33
Q

What does a CBC/ FBC investigate, with respect to RBCs?

A
  1. RBC count
  2. Total hemoglobin count
  3. MCV
  4. MCH
  5. MCHC
  6. RDW
  7. Reticulocyte count
34
Q

What is MCV?

A

Mean corpuscular volume is the average size of red blood cells.

35
Q

What is MCH?

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin is is the average amount of hemoglobin inside RBCs.

36
Q

What is MCHC?

A

Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is the concentration of hemoglobin inside RBCs.

37
Q

What is RDW?

A

Red cell distribution width is a measurement of the variation in size of red blood cells.

38
Q

What is reticulocyte count

A

percentage of newly released young red blood cells in your sample

39
Q

Use of EDTA in CBC?

A

EDTA is chelating agent that binds to the calcium present in blood so as to prevent clotting (anticoagulant) and maintain the structure of cells.

40
Q

What does a CBC/ FBC investigate, with respect to WBCs?

A
  1. WBC count

2. Number of different types of WBCs present

41
Q

What does a CBC/ FBC investigate, with respect to Platelets?

A
  1. Platelet count
  2. Mean platelet volume- average size of platelets
  3. Platelet Distribution width- how uniform platelets are in size
42
Q

What is the effect of receiving the wrong type of blood

A

intravascular hemolysis- erythrocyte destruction/dissolution due to immune system attack
fever, chills, breathing difficulties, pain(abdominal, back)blood in urine, jaundice

Haematology (2 decks)

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