Intro to genetics Flashcards
what chromosome is hemophilia on
what is the difference between a healthy red blood cell and one with hemophilia
x
it hemorrhages but does not clot and you can bleed out
what famous royal had hemophilia
queen Elizabeth of England
What chromosome is sickle cell anemia on
what type of mutation causes this and what gene is it associated with
what does it do (the shape)
point mutation from glutamic acid to valine on the B-globin gene
blocks blood vessels
meiosis leads to production of ____
aka ___ and ___
occurs in what types of cells
gametes
sperm and eggs
germ cells
mitosis leads to the production of ____ ___
with the same number of ____ as the parent cell
occurs in what type of cells
two cells
chromosomes
somatic cells
what is DNA in the nucleus complexed with
when not dividing, DNA fibers are ____
what is this substance called
acidic and basic proteins / histones
uncoiled
chromatin
chromatin = _____ + _____
DNA + histones
in human diploid cells what type of pairing is there
what does that word mean
what is true of chromosomes that have this characteristic
homologous
1 paternal copy and 1 maternal copy that are essentially the “same”
they have the same loci
if a cell is diploid and has 2n chromosomes, what is n
how many do we have
the number of chromosomes in haploid cells
23
how to count chromosomes:
how to count DNA molecules
count centromeres
count chromatids
based on position of centromere:
in the middle:
near the end:
very end:
metacentric
acrocentric
telocentric
what are the 3 phases of interphase
G1
s
G2
when is DNA synthesized in the cell cycle
S phase
What is the point where cells withdraw from the cell cycle and are non-dividing
G0
when sister chromatids align in metaphase in mitosis, do homologs pair
no
