Intro to Extraction for Oral Surgery Flashcards
What indications are required for an extraction
both clinical and radiograph
What are the indications for extraction
unrestorable teeth symptomatic partially erupted teeth traumatic position orthodontic indications interference with construction of dentures
What are the reasons that a tooth may be unrestorable
gross caries advanced periodontal disease tooth/root fracture severe tooth surface loss pulpal necrosis apical infection
What are the different types of upper forceps
Straight upper anterior forceps
Upper universal forceps
Upper molar forceps
Describe the straight upper anterior forceps
Only perfectly straight forcep
Flat - whole instrument touches the table
Describe the upper universal forcep
Slight curve
Handle lifts off the table
Curve allows you to reach further back in the mouth
Tip of instrument is identical to the straight upper anterior forecep
What can the upper universal force be used for
single rooted teeth
Describe the upper molar forceps
Tips have a concave surface on either side
Concave surface fits on the convex part of the root, grab it and mobilise it
What are the two tips like on the upper molar forceps
there is a smooth end on one site - for the palatal root (only 1 of these)
triangular point on the other side to engage the furcation on the buccal side
BEAK TO CHEEK
What are the lower forceps
lower universal
lower molar
cowhorn
How can lower forceps be distinguished from upper
90 degree bend of tip
What are the two pointy tips for lower molar forceps
designed to engage the buccal and lingual furcation due to the two (medial and distal) roots
What is lower universal forceps for
single rooted tooth
concave surface made to engage the root
How do most forceps work
by giving a good grip to allow movement and make the tooth more mobile
want a nice deep grip
How do cowhorn forceps work
it provides a squeezing action as the two points go into each other and elevate the tooth
requires divergent roots
Why do cowhorn forceps work better in younger people
softer bone
What makes cowhorns unsuitable for the usual method of extraction
they are smooth
don’t provide a good grip
What are the two bayonet forceps
upper bayonet forceps (third molar forceps)
upper bayonet root forceps
What is the pattern seen on a bayonet forceps
Z shape
allows for better access
What is the upper bayonet root forceps good for
removing fractured roots
Why can we not use normal forceps for upper wisdom teeth
Upper wisdom tooth pattern is very variable - forceps cannot engage furcations because so variable so they are universal
Where do you stand to take teeth out on the lower right hand side
right hand side
behind px
Where do you stand to take teeth out on the lower LHS
RHS of patient
in front of patient
Where do you stand to take teeth out on the upper molars
RHS of patient
infront
px more upright
What do elevators do
These isntruments loosen the tooth to make it easier to extract and even if the crown breaks the roots are more mobile
What are the two couplands elevators
2 and 3
Describe coupland’s elevators
Concave surface
Bit sharper at the end
Tear PDL and increase PD space and elevate the tooth
What are the cryers elevators
Cryers are always paired together
pointy and curved
good for getting retained roots and little fractures and to elevate the root
How can you tell which Cryer is right and which is left
Hold them so that concave surface is pointing wards the ceiling
The pointy bits need to be pointing at each other
The one in each arm is the corresponding arm
What are the Warwick James elevators
straight
right
left
set of 3
Describe Warwick james elevators
Curved but less pointy
Used for wisdom teeth as they are smaller and so better for narrower space of wisdom teeth
