Intro To Endodontics

Question 1

what tissues are involved in endodontic disease

Answer 1

• enamel
• dentine
• pup
• PDL
• bone

Question 2

what is the dentine-pulp complex

Answer 2

Close inter-relationship between dentine and pulp

Factors influencing dentine ultimately affect pulp

Question 3

how many roots and canals does the upper central incisor have?

Answer 3

1 root (apical curve)
1 canal

Question 4

how many roots and canals does the upper lateral incisor have?

Answer 4

1 root (distal apical curve)
1 canal

Question 5

how many roots and canals does the upper canine have?

Answer 5

1 root (distal and labial apical curve)
1 canal

Question 6

how many roots and canals does the upper 1st premolar have?

Answer 6

2-3 roots
mostly 2 canals (95%)

• 6% have 1 canal
• 1% have 3 canals

Question 7

how many roots and canals does the upper 2nd premolar have?

Answer 7

1-3 roots
mostly 1 canal (75%)

• 24% have 2 canals
• 1% have 13 canals

Question 8

how many roots and canals does the upper first molar have?

Answer 8

3 roots
mostly 4 canals (93%)

• 7% have 3 canals

Question 9

how many roots and canals does the upper 2nd molar have?

Answer 9

3 roots

• 63% have 3 canals
• 37% have 4 canals

Question 10

how many roots and canals does the upper 3rd molar have?

Answer 10

1-3 roots

? canals

Question 11

how many roots and canals does the lower central incisor have?

Answer 11

1 root (distal apical curve)

• 58% have 1 canal
• 42% have 2 canals

Question 12

how many roots and canals does the lower lateral incisor have?

Answer 12

1 root (distal apical curve)

• 58% have 1 canal
• 42% have 2 canals

Question 13

how many roots and canals does the lower canine have?

Answer 13

1 root (distal +/- labial curve)
mostly 1 canal (94%)

• 6% have 2 canals

Question 14

how many roots and canals does the lower first premolar have?

Answer 14

1 root
mostly 1 canal (73%)

• 27% have 2 canals

Question 15

how many roots and canals does the lower 2nd premolar have?

Answer 15

1 root
mostly 1 canal (85%)

• 15% have 2 canals

Question 16

how many roots and canals does the lower 1st molar have?

Answer 16

2-3 roots

• 67% have 3 canals
• 33% have 4 canals

Question 17

how many roots and canals does the lower 2nd molar have?

Answer 17

2 roots
mostly have 3 canals (79%)

• 13% have 2 canals
• 8% have 4 canals

Question 18

how many roots and canals does the lower 3rd molar have?

Answer 18

1-2 roots

? canals

Question 19

name pathological / clinical conditions

Answer 19

• Trauma
• Tooth surface loss
• Dental caries
• Cracked / fractured teeth
• Pulpal pathology
• Periapical pathology
• Root resorption

Question 20

what are the features of apical periodontitis

Answer 20

• Chronic poly-microbial infection
• Stimulation of host response
• Connective tissue destruction / break down

Question 21

what is peri-radicular disease: PRD?

Answer 21

• Highly prevalent
• Significant morbidity (tooth loss / severe infection)
• Substantial healthcare burden to NHS
• Focus on infection / inflammation?
○ Not just immediate effects but also in untreated disease there is a possibility for this to have an infection that impacts systemic well being

lol sorry i dont understand what i meant in my notes so i copied and pasted it xxx

Question 22

what are the clinical objectives of RCT

Answer 22

• Removing canal contents

* Eliminating infection

Question 23

what is obturation?

Answer 23

filling of the root canal space to prevent ingress of bacteria or multiplication of existing bacteria

Question 24

what is the endo-restorative interface

Answer 24

To provide an environment that allows healing of peri-radicular tissues so that the tooth is retained as a functional unit in the dental arch

can be direct or indirect restorations or can use a crown