Intro to Endodontics

Question 1

What does root canal treatment involve?

Answer 1

Removal of pulp

disinfecting canal

sealing RC system

Question 2

What tissues are involved in endo disease?

Answer 2

Enamel

dentine

pulp

PD

BOne

Question 3

How many canals does upper central have?

Answer 3

1 - apical curve

1 root

Question 4

How many canals does upper lateral have?

Answer 4

1 - distal apical curve

1 root

Question 5

How many canals does upper canine have?

Answer 5

1 - distal and labial apical curve

1 root

Question 6

How many canals does upper 1st premolar have?

Answer 6

2/3 roots

2 canals most likely but 1-3

Question 7

How many canals does upper 2nd pre molar have?

Answer 7

1-3 roots

1-3 canals but 1 most likely

Question 8

How Many canals does upper FM have?

Answer 8

3 roots

4 canals but can have 3

Question 9

How many canals does upper 2nd molar have?

Answer 9

3 roots

3 canals most likely but can have 4

Question 10

How many canals does lower central incisor have?

Answer 10

1 root 1 canal with distal apical curve (sometimes has 2)

Question 11

How many canals does lower lateral incisor have?

Answer 11

1 root - distal apical curve

1 canal (sometimes 2)

Question 12

How many canals does lower canine have?

Answer 12

1 root - da curve

1 canal - sometime 2

Question 13

How many canals does lower 1st pre molar have?

Answer 13

1 root

1-2 canals (commonly 1)

Question 14

How many canals does 2nd premolar have lower?

Answer 14

1 root

1 canal sometimes 2

Question 15

How many canals does lower first molar have?

Answer 15

2-3 roots

3 roots sometimes 4

Question 16

How many canals does second molar in lower arch have?

Answer 16

2 roots

2-4 canals (3 most likely)

Question 17

Why can the pulp be affected by caries?

Answer 17

In caries there is initially breakdown of enamel surface which then progresses into dentine and once caries reaches the ADJ it rapidly spreads. The bacterial products can then leach into the pulp chamber causing inflammation which one arly stages is reversible however in late stages its irreversible and will lead to plural tissue necrosis

Question 18

What happens when bacteria enter the pulp tissue?

Answer 18

There are not free floating - instead they identify with the biofilm and collaborate to evade host detection and attempts to eradicate the disease which allows the to persist and create a matrix favourable to survival

Question 19

What are some strategies of plural bacteria?

Answer 19

They adopt strategies to survive in hostile enrvironekmnts or when irrigants are adde

Question 20

What can antimicrobials be unable to do in endo disease?

Answer 20

They may be unable to penetrate beyond biofilm surface layers

they may get trapped and destroyed by enzymes

they may not be active against non growing MOs

Question 21

What is the main objectives of root canal?

Answer 21

Removal of canal contents

Elimination of infection

Question 22

What is chemomechanical disinfection?

Answer 22

Process whereby we use chemical and mechanical means to disinfect and decried the root canal system to remove pathogens

Question 23

What do we do after chemomechanical disinfection?

Answer 23

we must then obturate the canals with GP to prevent bacterial ingress and multiplication of persistent bacteria

Question 24

Why do we obturate root canal system?

Answer 24

To prevent ingress of bacteria

to prevent multiplication of persistent bacteria

Question 25

What do we finish endo tx with?

Answer 25

an endo restorative interface to provide an environment that allows healing of the periradicular tissues so that tooth can be retained as functional unit of dental arch - seal over so bacteria from oral cavity can’t ingress