Intro to Earth Science

Question 1

Environment

Answer 1

“surroundings”

Question 2

Earth Science

Answer 2

the study of earth

Question 3

Earth Science Includes:

Answer 3

Geography, Biogeography, Geology, Oceanography, Astronomy, Meteorology

Question 4

Geography

Answer 4

The science that studies the relationships among: natural systems, geographic areas

Question 5

Earth is an

Answer 5

oblate spheroid

Question 6

Absolute Location

Answer 6

based on superimposed grid system

Question 7

Relative Location

Answer 7

based on known locations
(Ex: take a left at (Target) then go straight until you see (Publix)

Question 8

Latitude

Answer 8

means distance north and south of the equator

Question 9

Longitude

Answer 9

refers to the distance east or west at a given point
- lines called “meridians”
- Prime meridian (0)

Question 10

Atmosphere

Answer 10

entire collection of air around or on earth
- anywhere there is air
- ex: oxygen hydrogen, helium

Question 11

Geosphere

Answer 11

any nonorganic, solid material beneath and at earth’s surface
- rocks, minerals, soil particles
- anywhere with solid earth

Question 12

Hydrosphere

Answer 12

all water below and at earth’s surface
- oceans, rivers, lakes. groundwater

Question 13

Biosphere

Answer 13

all organic material
- trees, donkeys, decaying plant, and animal matter

Question 14

Earth’s Three Layers

Answer 14

Crust, Mantle, Core

Question 15

Crust

Answer 15

• solid surface
• 5 ~ 6 miles
• can be classified as either continental or oceanic

Question 16

Oceanic Crust

Answer 16

• crust composed of basalt
• dense

Question 17

Continental Crust

Answer 17

• crust composed of granite
• relatively buoyant

Question 18

Plasticity

Answer 18

Lighter continental crust ‘floats’ in heavy oceanic crust

Question 19

“Weathering”

Answer 19

process of being broken down by nature

Question 20

“Erosion”

Answer 20

Small pieces of rock being transported by water, wind, ice, etc.

Question 21

Sediment

Answer 21

Rock that has finished eroding

Question 22

Igneous Rock

Answer 22

• most of earths crust
• rock that has volcanic origin
• there are two types

Question 23

Extrusive Igneous Rock

Answer 23

• igneous rock formed from lava above the surface

Question 24

Intrusive Igneous Rock

Answer 24

• igneous rock formed beneath the surface
• magma cools and crystalizes beneath the surface