Intro to Dermatology COPY

Question 1

What is the dermis? What is it composed of?

Answer 1

1. Proteins - Collagen and elastic fibres
2. 50% = water, HA has importnat role of keeping water there

Question 2

What are the different cells that are a part of the dermis?

Answer 2

Fibroblasts = primary / predominant cells, but also contains …?

Question 3

Where is the epidermis derived from?

What is found only in the palms and soles?

Answer 3

Ectoderm

Stratus lucid

Question 4

What is the blood supply to the skin?

Which part of the NS supplies the…?

Answer 4

Deep and superficial vascular plexuses

ANS supplies the?

Question 5

How are the afferent nerves arranged in the skin?

Which part of the body has greater sensory receptors / neurons?

Answer 5

Branching network often accompanying blood vessels

Question 6

What is the meissner corpuscle?

Answer 6

Found in the lips + finger pads

Question 7

Ruffini Corpuscle

Question 8

Pacinian corpuscle

Answer 8

Inportant for deep pressure - most oncentrated in the hands and feet

Question 9

What are the different functions of the different nerve supplies? Fill in the table below:

Question 10

MCQ 2:

Question 11

What is the microbiome of the skin? Why is it so important?

Hygiene hypothesis?

Answer 11

Predominantly actinobacteria

Face = sebum = acne

Increased cleanliness = actopic conditions?

Question 12

What are the functions of the skin?

Answer 12

copy off slide

Question 13

How does the skin provide an immune barrier?

Answer 13

Langerhan cells - place their projects in the something - initiate immune repsonse against microbial threats - projections = nothing can enter through the epidermis without being detected by them

Endogenous antibiotics

Question 14

How does the skin act as a physcial barrier?

Answer 14

Prevents protein and water loss? Skin and melanin helps prevent UV radiation causing DNA mutations

Question 15

How does the skin help with thermoregulation / fluid balance?

Answer 15

Sweating

Question 16

What are the metabolic functions of the skin?

Answer 16

Vitamin D synthesis

Subcutaneous fat - keeps within healthy range??

leptin release - hunger suppression hormone

Question 17

How does skin affect us psychologically?

Answer 17

Aesthetic appearance - psychosexual function, increased risk of suicide

Question 18

MCQ 3:

Question 19

What is the function of hair?

Answer 19

Protection against external factors

Secretes sebum

Thermoregulation - hair stands on end / lay down flat

social and sexual interaction

Hair = crucial role in injury, keratinocytes = contains stem cells for recorvery after ijust to skin

Question 20

What is the difference between terminal and vellus hairs?

Answer 20

Terminal - scalp, eyebrows and eyelashes

Vellus = everywhere else except, palms, soles, nails and lips

Question 21

What are the 3 components of the hair cycle?

What can cause what to stop?

Answer 21

1. Anagen
2. Catagen = regressing phase
3. Telogen phase - resting, loss of old hair after 3 months?

Stress or something

Question 22

What is the structure of the hair?

Answer 22

continuous with the epidermis, base contains cepillary loop, nerve fibre and something with stroma

Arrector pili - smooth muscle which makes hairs stand on end

oil glands = hyperactive in people with acne

infundubulum + isthmus

Question 23

How does the structure of the hair help the hair grow?

Lower part = called the bulb outer root sheath, inner root sheath = right direction, something contains the vasulature and nerve fibres

Answer 23

Stem cells migrate downwards then - something migrates upwards to replenish something - something is importnat for injury to replace something

Question 24

What is the purpose of nails?

Answer 24

Counter effects to the something - importnat for dexeterity as well

Enhance ability to something touch

Question 25

What is the structure of nails?

What produces the nail plate? What is the lunula?

What does the nail matrix contain?

Answer 25

emerges from the proximal nail fold

detached from the nail bed ta the hyponychium

Question 26

What are some examples of skin disorders?

Trigger of psoriasis?

Answer 26

1. Psoriasis = chronic, immune ediated disorder = combination of genes

Trauma, medication, infection etc.

T cell mediated disorder

classic feature = sharp scaly red flap = often in the elbows, knees + outer skull

chronic + systemic disease - psoriatic arthritis = 1/3 and associated with liver?

Question 27

pathophysiology of psoriasis:

Answer 27

antimicrobial peptides = endogenous Abs

Question 28

What is chronic plaque psoriasis?

Subtype name?

finger nails one

Answer 28

ouch

Question 29

first clinical signs?

Guttate psoriasis? - emerges from strepcocc - less chronic course

Question 30

How is psoriasis managed?

Answer 30

put in diagram - smoking and excessive alcohol aggravates it

Question 31

Severity matched with treatment

Answer 31

Limited = topical treatments, vit D analogues etc.

Extensive body surface area = phototherapy, narrowband UVB or PUVA

Question 33

Atopic eczema

Answer 33

Itchy = AE, or else not AE

typically begins in infancy / early childhood, associated with asthma and hayfever often

Question 34

Eczema = umbrella term

What are the diff types of eczema?

Answer 34

dandruff, allergic, contact

Question 35

What is the pathophysiology of eczema?

Question 36

Clinical features? of eczema?

Question 37

allergic contact eczema

Answer 37

can complicate atopic eczema or exist on its own

Question 38

Venous stasis eczema

Answer 38

something inflated?

Question 39

What is the management of atopic eczema?