Intro to Derm Flashcards
grouped vesicles are characterized of what pathology
HSV
Locations of dermatology pathology - - - - - - -
Acral Dermatomal Extensor Flexor Follicular Photodistributed Generalized
palms and soles
acral
follows dermatome
dermatomal
extensor muscles of front of forearm and back of leg
extensor
flexor muscles of back of forearm and front of leg
flexors
hair bearing areas- under arm pit, scalp, genital area
follicular
sun bearing areas
photodistributed
all over body or in a general area
generalized
3 layers of the skin
epidermis, dermis, and subQ
prevents water loss
protects against mechanical stresses, chemicals and microorganisms
keratinocytes, melanocytes, langerhans cells, merkel cells
epidermis
produce pigment, originate in neural crest, in basal layer, 1:10 ratio to keratinocytes
melanocytes
pigment granules
melanosomes
skin color is determined by ___
number, size, and distribution of melanosomes
GO Baleigh
lacking melanocytes, chalky white appearance, higher risk for skin CA, have no protection in this area, “Michael Jackson disease”
Vitiligo
3% of epidermis, antigen presenting cells, migrates into dermis then lymphatics
langerhan cells
located on scalp and arm pit area, “scaley patches”
langerhans cell histiocytosis
basal layer, slow-adapting touch receptors
merkel cells
“solidarty notch in the eyebrow” “non healing” “papilla nodule” with blue tint, a virus causes the merkel cell to become cancercous, head, neck and eyebrow, very aggresive and lymph nodes involvement
merkel cell carcinoma
list the 4 epidermal appendages
eccrine sweat glands
apocrine glands
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
thermoregulatory, most abundant on palms soles and axilla, cholingeric
eccrine sweat glands
pathology of eccrine sweat glands
miliaria
“heat rash” “newborn with pinpoint papilla”
miliaria
outgrowth of hair follicle, viscous sweat, starts functioning in puberty, adrenergic
axilla, areolae, anogenital region, external auditory canal, eyelids
apocrine glands
the greatest density of the sebaceous glands are located
on the face and scalp
nonfollicular sebaceous gland on eyelid
meibomian gland
nonfollicular sebaceous gland on foreskin
tyson’s gland
nonfollicular sebaceous gland on lip
fordyce spots
components of ___ are: glycerides, free fatty acids, wax esters, cholesterol esters, cholesterol
sebum
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reduces water loss from the skin surface
protects the skin from infection by bacteria and fungi
contributes to body odor
production is increased of sebum by __
androgens
“multiple yellow papilla with central umbilication” singular, not grouped together like vesicles
sebaceous hyperplasia
dimp in the center
central umbilication
allergies, anaphylaxis, many IgE receptors
mast cells
granules of \_\_ cells contain: histamine heparin chemotactice factors tryptase chymase prostaglandins
mast cells
activation is direct by physical or medications, cross linking of IgE receptors
mast cells
mast cell pathology that is in children, they itch ALOT
urticaria pigmentosa
mast cell pathology that is in adutls, singular solidarty lesions
mastocytoma
many type of cells in subQ
lipocytes (adipocytes)
functions of subQ
buoyancy
energy repository
hormone conversions
leptin production
pathology with subQ layer
panniculitis
fat under skin is calcified and thickening and hardening, punch biopsy is needed
panniculitis
