intro to cybersecurity Flashcards
Phyisical Layer
associated w and def
Manages data transmission over physical media (e.g., copper wires, fiber optics, wireless).
HARDWARE
Data Link Layer
associated w and def
Handles local data packet transmission; includes Ethernet, MAC addressing, and error detection.
HARDWARE
Transport Layer
associated w and def
Ensures reliable data delivery, using TCP (for reliability) and UDP
APPLICATION/OS
Network Layer
associated w and def
Focuses on data routing and logical addressing (primarily via IP).
OS/HARDWARE
Application Layer
associated w and def
Enables direct user interaction (e.g., HTTP, FTP, SMTP).
USER/APPLICATION
Encapsulation
Data moves down the stack, gaining headers and footers
Decapsulation AKA DEENCAPSULATION
At the destination, data moves up, shedding these layers
Host
Device that uses network access (ex computer)
Network
Connected devices for communication.
Protocol
Rules defining data exchange structures.
Services
Processes enabling network access for apps (e.g., HTTP).
Utilities
system tools for network analysis (e.g., ping, netstat).
types of connections used by physical layer
Wired
Wireless
Signal Encoding and Multiplexing
Repeaters
“repeat” electrical signals
Transceivers
devices that can recieve and transmit a signal
