intro to culture and health ch. 2 and 3 Flashcards
Move away from culture of origin immersing into dominant society
assimilated *healthy
immerse in both ethnic and dominant society
integrated *healthy
not accepted by culture of origin or dominant society
marginal *difficult/not healthy
withdraw from dominant society and are immersed in ethnic society
separated individuals *not most healthy
Environmental exposure
minority neighborhoods
genetics
lifestyle
social circumstances
medical care
Causes of Health Disparities in the US
Access to health-enhancing resources
Access to health care
Ability to live in healthier neighborhoods
Ability to afford healthier food
higher Socio-economic status (SES) affects
Civil Rights Act of 1964
The Hill-Burton Act amendment, Community Service Assurance under Title IV of the U.S.
Public Health Service Act
Legal protection for minorities
prohibits federally funded programs to discriminate
Culturally and Linguistically Appropriate
Services
Intended to advance health equity, improve quality, and help eliminate health care
disparities by providing a blueprint for individuals and health and health care organizations
to implement culturally and linguistically appropriate services.
CLAS
OMH
Office of Minority Health
Standards or codes of behavior expected by the group to which the individual belongs
Ethics
Personal character and what the individual believes is right and wrong conduct
Morality
blood, phlegm. black bile, yellow bile
Humoral pathology - 4 important fluids
Illness believed to be caused by the intentional intervention of supernatural beings (witch, ancestor), causing the sick person’s illness as a result of karma, bad behavior
Personalistic theory
disturbed natural equilibrium.
when the body is balanced w/ natural environment = state of good health
body is off balance with environment = illness
Naturalistic (Latin America and Asia)
illness identified and cured using scientific evidence
cause is physiological in nature
biomedical
the theory of curing an illness involves discovering the complexion imbalance and rectifying.
ex: hot injury or illness must be treated with a cold remedy and vice versa.
Humoral Pathology
the humoral theory is now the _______
germ theory
new concepts, rules and classifications
illness caused by energy imbalance
Ayurvedic
used in India
five elements : earth, air, water, fire and space
principles of Ayurveda (doshas)
breathing exercises, rubbing skin w/ herbal oil, meditation, yoga, mantras, massage and herbs
- energetic ways to balance the chakras
Healing using Ayurveda system
the concept that an imbalance in vital energies cause disease
Vitalistic - vitalistic system
China south asia and southeast Asia
vital forces within the body flow in harmony = good health
flow of energy is disrupted and therapeutic measures (ex: acupuncture) are aimed to restore energy flow = bad health
Vitalistic belief system
based on the mechanical / machine view of the body.
When machine breaks, illness occurs
scientific approach
Biomedical medicine / allopathic medicine
(Western medicine)
purposed that microorganisms are the cause of many diseases
germ theory
doctors of medicine, doctors of osteopathic medicine (and other health professionals)
Allopathic physicians
an approach to maintaining and resuming health that tames the body, mind and spiritual being into consideration
(reiki, prayer, herbal remedies, massage)
Holistic medicine
occurs when an individual or organization has the ability to function effectively within the cultural context of beliefs, behaviors and needs of the patients or community is serves
- respectful and sensitive to cultural differences working with multiple cultured clients
cultural competence
the process of conducting a self examination of ones own biases towards other cultures and an in-depth exploration of ones cultural and professional background
cultural awareness
the process in which the health care professional seeks and obtains a sound info base regarding the worldviews of different cultural and ethnic groups as wells as biological variations, diseases and health conditions and variations in drug metabolism found among ethnic groups
cultural knowledge
the ability to conduct a cultural assessment to collect relevant cultural data regarding the client’s presenting problem as well as accurately conducting a culturally based physical assessment
cultural skill
the process that encourages the health care professional to directly engage in face-to-face cultural interactions and other types of encounters w/ clients from diverse backgrounds to modify existing beliefs about a group to prevent possible stereotyping
cultural encounter
the motivation of the health care professional to “want to” rather than “have to” engage in the process of becoming culturally aware, knowledgeable, skillful and seek encounters
cultural desire
cultural desire
cultural awareness
cultural encounter
cultural skill
cultural knowledge
josepha campinha-bacote model for cultural competence
Purnell Model for Cultural Competence
Four rings:
global society
community
family
person
developed by Madeleine Leininger
represents a culture care theory
knowing and understanding different cultures, providing meaningful and efficacious nursing care services
sunrise model
the _______ model is useful with making cultural evaluations of patients
providing a systemic approach to identifying values, beliefs behaviors and community customers
sunrise model
