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Materials > Intro to Construction Materials > Flashcards

Intro to Construction Materials Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 Family Materials?

A
  • Ceramics and Glass
  • Metals
  • Polymers
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2
Q

Give an example of a material in Ceramics and Glass

A

Concrete, Bricks, Stones, Glass

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3
Q

Give an example of a material in Metals

A

Steel, Copper

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4
Q

Give an example of a material in Polymers

A

Nylon, HDPE, Timber, Glass fibre, Carbon fibre

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5
Q

Define Physical Property

A

Matter characteristic that can be measured and observed without affecting the chemical identity (density, colour, appearance)

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6
Q

What is one physical property of a material?

A

Density, which is mass of a material within one volume unit

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7
Q

What is another physical property of a material?

A

Mass, which is the amount of materials contained in an object related to type and number of atoms present in the object

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8
Q

What is a Force?

A

An action that causes an object to move

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9
Q

What is a load?

A

Same as force, but used to express affect of gravity on a specific mass

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10
Q

What is the formula for Force?

A

F(N) = Mass (kg) x Gravity (m/s^2)

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11
Q

What is Stress?

A

Distribution of force over an area

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12
Q

What is the formula for Stress?

A

Stress (N/m^2) = Force(N) / Area (m^2)

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13
Q

How many types of Stress’s are there?

A

4

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14
Q

What is the first type of Stress? (Include definition)

A

Normal Stress - when two forces are opposite to eachother either pushing or pulling on the same plane

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15
Q

What is the second type of Stress? (Include definition)

A

Torsion Stress - when two forces of similar strength are applied on either end of the object in the opposite direction

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16
Q

What is the third type of Stress? (Include definition)

A

Shear Stress - when two forces are opposing eachother and are not on the same plane

17
Q

What is the fourth type of Stress? (Include definition)

A

Bending Stress - when a force acting in the middle of the beam supported from edges

18
Q

What is a Mechanical Property?

A

A physical property that a material exhibits upon the application of forces

19
Q

Name the first pair of Mechanical Properties

A

Strength and Stiffness

20
Q

Name the second pair of Mechanical Properties

A

Hardness and Toughness

21
Q

Name the third pair of Mechanical Properties

A

Creep and Fatigue

22
Q

Define Strength

A

Maximum stress a material can handle before failing

23
Q

Define Deformation

A

Change that happens in materials due to stress being applied

24
Q

What are the two types of Deformations?

A

Elastic and Plastic

25
Q

What is Elastic Deformation?

A

When material returns to original size and shape when load is removed

26
Q

What is Plastic Deformation?

A

When material permanently deforms when load is removed

27
Q

What is Strain?

A

Ratio of Deformation over Original Length

28
Q

What is Stiffness?

A

Ability of material to resist elastic deformation

29
Q

What are the two Material Failure Modes?

A

Brittle Failure and Ductile Failure

30
Q

What is Brittle Failure?

A

Sudden failure of material when arriving at yield point as this material has little to no plastic zone

31
Q

What is Ductile Failure?

A

Failure that happens in materials that undergo large plastic deformation before failure (Strain > 1%)

32
Q

What is Hardness?

A

Ability of material to resist plastic deformation. Hard materials are usually brittle

33
Q

What is Toughness?

A

Ability of material to absorb energy and deform plastically so they do not fracture under a sudden force. Tough materials are usually ductile

34
Q

What is Creep?

A

Deformation in materials caused by same loading overtime

35
Q

What is Fatigue?

A

Effect of a repeated load on materials

Materials (1 decks)

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