Intro to Concept NS 115

Question 1

Definition Of evidence-based practice

Answer 1

–Is a problem-solving approach to clinical practice that integrates the conscientious use of best evidence in combination with a clinician’s expertise and patient preferences and values in making decisions about patient care.

-Today EBP is becoming a goal of all health care institutions and an expectation of professional nurses who are expected to use current evidence when caring for patients.

Question 2

Step of Evidence-Based practice

Answer 2

1 Ask a clinical question.

2 Collect the most relevant and best evidence.

3 Critically appraise the evidence you gather.

4 Integrate all evidence with one’s clinical expertise and patient preferences and values in making a practice decision or change.

5 Evaluate the practice decision or change.

6 Share the outcomes of EBP changes with others.

Question 3

Quantitative research

Answer 3

• Is the precise, systematic, objective examination of specific concepts.
• It focuses on numerical data, statistical analysis, and controls to eliminate bias in findings.
• Is the study of nursing phenomena that offers precise measurement and quantification.

Question 4

Qualitative research

Answer 4

• Describes information in a nonnumeric way.
  
  • Data in the form if written transcripts from a series of interview.
  • Summarize common themes from interviews.

Question 5

Experimental research

Answer 5

Study in which the investigator controls the study variable and randomly assigns subjects to different conditions to test the variable.

-Is a true experimental study that tightly controls conditions to eliminate bias and ensure that findings can be generalizable to similar groups of subjects.

Question 6

Descriptive research

Answer 6

Study that measures characteristics of persons, situations, or groups and the frequency with which certain events or characteristics occur.

Question 7

Research process

Answer 7

Is an orderly series of steps that allow a researcher to move from asking the research question to finding the answer.

1. Problem Identification
2. Study design
3. Conducting the study
4. Data analysis
5. Use of the findings

Question 8

PICOT

Answer 8

PICOT-Use this format to formulate a question.
P-population if interest
I-intervention of interest
C-comparison of interest
O-outcome
T-time

Question 9

Levels of Evidence

Answer 9

The hierarchy of available evidence offers a guide to the types of literature or information that offer the best scientific evidence.

Question 10

Definition of informatics

Answer 10

“Use information and technology to Communicate, Manage Knowledge, Diminish Error, and Support Decision-making using information technology”.

Question 11

Definition of Institute of Medicine

Answer 11

Establish in 1970. It reports severe regulators, policymakers, and healthcare providers in making informed decisions about healthcare.

Question 12

Characteristics of profession

Answer 12

Should be educated to deliver patient-centered care as members of interdisciplinary teams, emphasize evidence-base practice, quality improvement, safety, and informatics.

Question 13

Sigma Theta Tau

Answer 13

Sigma Theta Tau International as “an integration of the best evidence available, nursing expertise, and the values and preferences of the individuals, families and communities who are served.”

Question 14

National League of Nursing

Answer 14

Advances excellence in nursing education to prepare nurses to meet the needs of a diverse population in a changing health care environment.

The NLN (2008) sets standards for excellence and innovation in nursing education.

Question 15

Professional Organization

Answer 15

Deals with issues of concern to those practicing in the profession.
National League for Nursing (NLN) and the ANA and ICN.

Question 16

American Nurses Association

Answer 16

The American Nurses Association (ANA) defines nursing as the protection, promotion, and optimization of health and abilities; prevention of illness and injury; alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis and treatment of human response; and advocacy in the care of individuals, families, communities, and populations (ANA, 2010b).

Question 17

States Nurse Practice Act

Answer 17

The primary intent of NPAs is to protect the public from unskilled, undereducated, and unlicensed personnel.

Question 18

Standards of Practice

Answer 18

The Standards of Practice describe a competent level of nursing care. The levels of care are demonstrated by the critical thinking model known as the nursing process: assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification and planning, implementation, and evaluation (ANA, 2010b).

Also, under implementing comes: coordination of care, health teaching, promotion, consultation

Question 19

Nightendale

Answer 19

• Was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist.
• Established the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration
• During the same year she developed the first organized program for training nurses, the Nightingale Training School for Nurses at St. Thomas’ Hospital in London.
• She volunteered during the Crimean War in 1853 and traveled the battlefield hospitals at night carrying her lamp; thus she was known as the “lady with the lamp.”

Question 20

Lillian Wald

Answer 20

–Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster opened the Henry Street Settlement, which focused on the health needs of poor people who lived in tenements in New York City.

Question 21

Clara Barton

Answer 21

–Founder of the American Red Cross, tended soldiers on the battlefields, cleansing their wounds, meeting their basic needs, and comforting them in death.

Question 22

Veracity

Answer 22

A patient is not able to make an informed choice about treatment unless the patient has received the truth about his or her condition and the proposed treatment, with the information presented in a manner that is understandable to the patient.

Question 23

Ethical Principals

Answer 23

• Autonomy
• Beneficence
• Justice
• Veracity

Question 24

Ethical Delimma

Answer 24

Not sure yet

Question 25

Assault and battery

Answer 25

Assault-is any action that places a person in apprehension of a harmful or offensive contact without consent.
Battery-is any intentional touching without consent.

Question 26

Malpractice and Negligence

Answer 26

Malpractice-is one type of negligence and often referred to as professional negligence.

Negligence-is conduct that falls below a standard of care.

Question 27

Informed Consent

Answer 27

Is a person’s agreement to allow something to happen such as surgery or an invasive diagnostic procedure, based on a full disclosure of risks, benefits, alternatives, and consequences of refusal.

Question 28

Advance Directives

Answer 28

Include living wills, health care proxies, and durable powers of attorney for health care.
–They are based on values of informed consent, patient autonomy over end-of-life decisions, truth telling, and control over the dying process.

Question 29

Compact Licensure

Answer 29

The Nurse Licensure Compact (NLC) enables multistate licensure for nurses

Question 30

States Board of Nursing

Answer 30

Not sure yet

Question 31

Code of Ethics

Answer 31

Is a set of guiding principles that all members of a profession accept.
–It is a collective statement about the group’s expectations and standards of behavior.

Question 32

Advocacy

Answer 32

• -Refers to the support of a particular cause.

- -As a nurse you advocate for the health, safety, and rights of patients, including their right to privacy.

Question 33

Autonomy

Answer 33

• -Refers to freedom from external control.
• -Similarly in health care, respect for autonomy refers to the commitment to include patients in decisions about all aspects of care as a way of acknowledging and protecting a patient’s independence.

Question 34

Nursing Role

Answer 34

• Caregiver
• -Advocate
• -Manager
• -Provider of care
• -Communicator

Question 35

QSEN Concept of Clarkson Curriculum

Answer 35

They use the QSEN concept, making sure quality, and safety is almost.

• -Share the nursing framework
• -Better prepare nurse
• –Educate Teamwork
• -Prepare to be the best