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Comm. Psych. Exam 1 > Intro to Comm. Psych. > Flashcards

Intro to Comm. Psych. Flashcards

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1
Q

Community

A

Grouping of indiciduals, through shared endeavors, locality, or other linkage

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2
Q

Community Psychology

A

Focus on how community-level forces impact function of all individuals and families in community

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3
Q

Participant Conceptualizer (Bennett)

A

Actively involved in community processes while attempting to understanding and explain them

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4
Q

Psychology of Criminal Conduct

A

Approach to understanding criminal behavior of individuals through a) ethical application of systemic empirical methods of investigation and b) construction of rational explanatory systems.

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5
Q

Homelessness as musical chairs

A

ecological perspective - not enough housing

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6
Q

Ecological perspective

A

considers context when addressing individual conditions.

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7
Q

Ecology

A

branch of science that studies how people relate to each other and environment.

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8
Q

Context Minimization Error

A

psychological theory that undervalues context and circumstance. Leads to flawed therapy and failed social programs.

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9
Q

Psychology of Criminal Conduct and Criminology

A

refocus on understanding variation in the criminal behavior of individuals
Consider: Biological, personal, interpersonal, familial, structural/cultural, broader social context.

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10
Q

First-order change

A

alters, rearranges, replaces the individual members of a group.

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11
Q

Second-order change

A

affects relationships bn members of group - shared goals, roles, rules, pwr relationships

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12
Q

Oxford House

A

Democratically self-run home for recovering substance addicts. (2nd order change)

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13
Q

Ecological Levels of Analysis (concept)

A

individual at center of several circles of contextual influence

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14
Q

4 Levels of Analysis

A 
(Individuals)
Localities
Microsystems
Organizations
Macrosystems
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15
Q

mediating structures

A

settings that can assist individuals coping with society’s stressors

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16
Q

Error of logical typing

A

action taken at the wrong level of analysis

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17
Q

7 Core values

A 
Individual, family wellness
Sense of Community
Respect for human diversity
social justice
empowerment ad citizen participation
collaboration an community strengths
empirical grounding
18
Q

Sense of Community

A

perception of belongingness, interdependence, mutual commitment that links individuals in a collective unity

19
Q

Distributive Justice

A

Fair allocation of resources

20
Q

Procedural Justice

A

Whether processes of collective decision making include a fair representation of citizens

21
Q

Fair Play

A

rules of fair competitions for economic, educational, or social advancement

22
Q

Fair Shares

A

Fairness of procedure and minimizing extreme outcome inequalities

23
Q

Divergent Reasoning

A

Identifying multiple truths in opposing perspectives
Recognizing that conflicting viewpoints may usefully coexist
Resisting easy answers

24
Q

Blaming the Victim

A

Critiques individualist thinking about social problems
Under-used Levels of Analysis
1. Identify a social problem
2. study those who are affected by the problem
3. Discover how those who are affected are different from those who are not affected.
4 Define those differences as the cause of a social problem.
5. Devise humanitarian social action programs to correct differences.

25
Q

RNR model of clinical practice

A

Risk
Need
general Responsivity

26
Q

BIG FOUR risk factors

A

Antisocial attitudes
Antisocial associations
Antisocial personality pattern
History of antisocial behavior

27
Q

MODERATE FOUR risk factors

A

Parenting/family problems
Low levels of achievement, satisfaction at school, work
Little involvement in anticriminal leisure and recreational pursuits
Substance abuse

28
Q

PIC-R

A

Personal, Interpersonal, and Community-Reinforcement Perspective
General personality and cognitive social learning approach

29
Q

Merton’s Anomie Theory

A

Crime is reflection of pursuit of conventional ambition using innovative means, bc conventional means not available to lower classes

30
Q

Rationalizations for Law Violations (Sykes & Matza)

A 
Denial of Responsibility
Denial of Injury
Denial of the victim
Condemnation of the condemners
Appeal to higher loyalties
31
Q

General Strain Theory (Agnew)

A

Return to Frustration-Anger-Aggression w/new array of strains given predispositions like antisocial attitudes and associations

32
Q

Differential Association Theory

A

Antisocial associates at foundation

Learned criminal behaviors through intimate personal groups

33
Q

Behavioral Reformulation of Differential Association Theory

A

Criminal behavior is learned through operant conditioning
Both social, nonsocial
keys: reinforcement, punishment, discriminative stimulus control
–> evolved PIC-R

34
Q

Conceptual Models of Ecological Context

A 
Four Ecological Principles
Social Climate Dimensions
Social Regularities
Ecological Psychology and Behavior settings
Activity Settings
Environmental Psychology
35
Q

Kelly’s Ecological Principles

A

Interdependence
Cycling of Resources
Adaptation
Succession

36
Q

Interdependence

A

linkage bn different parts of an eco-system

37
Q

Cycling of resources

A

resources of used, distributed, conserved, transformed resources - personal, social, physical resources

38
Q

Adaptation

A

individuals, settings, systems cyclically adapting to changing conditions

39
Q

Succession

A

settings and individuals change over time

historical context for problem definition and planning interventions

40
Q

Social Climate

A

3 Dimensions: Relationships, Personal Development, System Maintenance and Change

41
Q

Social Regularities

A

routine patters of social relationships among elements in a setting (power, resources)
Can be obstacles to change

42
Q

Ecological Psychology, Behavior Settings

A

Identify behavior settings and understand physical features, social circuits that maintain them.

Comm. Psych. Exam 1 (1 decks)

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