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Neuro Lab > Intro to Cognitive Evaluation > Flashcards

Intro to Cognitive Evaluation Flashcards

1
Q

what tests and measures can we use to test mental status/cognitive function?

A
  • consciousness
  • orientation
  • attention/concentration
  • memory
  • executive function
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2
Q

why should cognitive function always be the first thing we test for?

A

shows you if the pt will be able to follow directions for other tests

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3
Q

full consciousness

A

alert, aware, responsive, awake

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4
Q

lethargy

A
  • awake, but not alert
  • slow and zombie-like
  • do not want pt to be less than this for eval
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5
Q

obtundation

A
  • asleep but easy to arouse
  • resting their eyes
  • hard time staying engaged
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6
Q

stupor

A

-difficult to arouse, may need to use noxious stimuli

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7
Q

coma

A

unconscious, cannot arouse

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8
Q

define orientation

A

knowing who you are and where you are

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9
Q

what 4 things are involved in assessing orientation?

A
  • person (name, DOB, where from)
  • place (hospital, city, state)
  • time (month and year)
  • situation (“can you tell me why you’re here?”)
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10
Q

what is sustained attention, and how do we test it?

A
  • sustain and focus attention over a duration of time

- test: cancellation test

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11
Q

what is selective attention, and how do we test it?

A
  • ability to screen and process relevant sensory info about the task and environment while screening out irrelevant info
  • test: stroop test
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12
Q

what is divided attention, and how do we test it?

A
  • ability to perform 2 tasks simultaneously

- test: walkie-talkie test

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13
Q

what is alternating attention?

A

attention flexibility

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14
Q

define memory

A

the capacity to store knowledge, experiences, and perceptions for recall and recognition

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15
Q

declarative (explicit) memory

A

conscious recollection of facts and events

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16
Q

non-declarative (procedural, implicit) memory

A

recall of movements/movement schema without conscious recollections

17
Q

immediate recall

A

after short interval of time (seconds to minutes)

18
Q

short-term memory

A
  • minutes to hours/days

- recent working memory

19
Q

long-term memory

A
  • months to years

- remote memory

20
Q

define executive function

A

capacity to engage successfully in independent, purposeful, self-directed behavior

21
Q

volition/planning

A

goal planning and task initiation

22
Q

problem solving/reasoning

A

abstract thinking, flexibility

23
Q

insight/awareness

A

poor judgement

24
Q

social pragmatics

A

inappropriate behavior

25
Q

self-regulation/purposeful action

A

initiate, maintain, switch, and stop tasks

26
Q

logic and abstract thinking

A
  • logic = making sense of things

- abstract thinking = being able to picture something without it right in front of you

27
Q

why might we want to test logic and abstract thinking?

A
  • safety

- finding new ways to do things

28
Q

grading system for somatosensory exam

A

5/5: normal
1-4/5: impaired
0/5: absent

29
Q

how do we test dermatomes in a somatosensory exam?

A
  • light touch
  • 2-point discrimination
  • hot/cold
  • sharp/dull
30
Q

where can we test vibration in the UE?

A
  • thumb DIP
  • styloid process of ulna
  • lateral/medial epicondyles
  • olecranon process
  • acromion process
31
Q

where can we test vibration in the LE?

A
  • big toe DIP
  • medial/lateral malleolus
  • fibular head
  • greater trochanter
  • ASIS
32
Q

what is important when testing proprioception/kinesthesia?

A
  • keep movements small
  • little contact
  • your hand should not touch muscles being stretched
33
Q

how to test graphestesia

A
  • make sure pt’s hand has light touch first

- draw a letter on the pt’s hand with your finger and see if they can tell you what letter it is

34
Q

how to test stereognosis

A
  • place an object in the pt’s hand and see if they can tell you what it is without looking
  • object must be small enough to fit in the palm
  • if they don’t know what it is, could indicate a problem with their association cortex

Neuro Lab (3 decks)

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