INTRO TO CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY

Question 1

Describe the Anatomical Position

Answer 1

The human form in a fixed state is as follows:
1) standing erect facing forward 2) arms hanging at the side, palms facing forward 3) legs paced together, feet directed forward

Question 2

The body is divided into how many planes?

Answer 2

It is three dimensional and divided into a series of three dimensional planes

Question 3

In sectioning of the body, what are the planes?

Answer 3

Sagittal plane, divides into right/left. median or midsaggital (exactly down the middle), or parasaggital Frontal plane, divided into anterior/posterior
Traverse/horizontal plane, divides into superior/inferior Oblique, diagonal cuts btw horizontal and vertical

Question 4

Name for Anterior in relation to the body

Answer 4

Ventral , nearer the front

Question 5

Name for Posterior in relation to the body

Answer 5

Dorsal, nearer the back

Question 6

Name for Superior in relation to the body

Answer 6

Cranial, upward or nearer the head

Question 7

Name for Inferior in relation to the body

Answer 7

Caudal, downward or nearer the feet

Question 8

Medial in relation to the body

Answer 8

Toward the midline or median plane

Question 9

Lateral in relation to the body

Answer 9

Farther down the midline or median plane

Question 10

In relation to the body, Proximal

Answer 10

Near a reference point

Question 11

In relation to the body, Distal

Answer 11

Away from a reference point

Question 12

In relation to the body, Superficial

Answer 12

Closer to the surface

Question 13

In relation to the body, Deep

Answer 13

Farther from the surface

Question 14

In relation to the body, Rostral

Answer 14

Nearer the anterior part of the head

Question 15

In relation to the body, Palmar

Answer 15

The surface of the hand and fingers corresponding to the palm

Question 16

In relation to the body, Plantar

Answer 16

The surface of the foot and toes corresponding to the sole

Question 17

In relation to the body extension and flexion occurs at

Answer 17

Upper limb, at shoulder joint
Lower limb, at hip joint
Forearm, at elbow joint
Leg, at knee joint
Vertebral column, at intervertebral joint (as in leaning torso backward and forward )
Hand, at the wrist joint
Digits (fingers), at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints

Question 18

How does the thumb move?

Answer 18

Opposition and Reposition of the thumb at the carpotmetacarpal joint and the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 19

The forearm movement is

Answer 19

Pronation and supination of the radioulnar joints

Question 20

Adduction and abduction of digits move at

Answer 20

The 1st 2nd 4th and 5th digits at the metacarpophalangeal joints

Question 21

Lateral abduction and Medial abduction of digit

Answer 21

The 3rd digit at the metacarpophalangeal joint

Question 22

How is the thumb rotated?

Answer 22

90 degrees relative to other structures

Question 23

Describe movements of the thumb

Answer 23

Abduction and Adduction occurs in a frontal plane at the metacarpophalangeal joint.
Flexion and Extension occurs in saggital planes, at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints opposite to these movements at other joints

Question 24

Right and left limbs adduction and abduction along with lateral (external) and medial (internal) rotation happens at

Answer 24

The glenohumeral and hip joints respectively

Question 25

Circumduction (circular movement) happens at

Answer 25

The lower limb at the hip joint

Question 26

Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot happens at

Answer 26

the ankle joint

Question 27

Inversion and Eversion of the foot happens at

Answer 27

the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints

Question 28

Lateral bending is

Answer 28

Lateral flexion of the trunk

Question 29

Rotation is of the

Answer 29

Head, neck, and upper trunk

Question 30

Shoulders movement up and down is called

Answer 30

Elevation and Depression

Question 31

The jaw movement is called and at the

Answer 31

Protrusion and Retrusion at the temporomandibular joints

Question 32

Protraction and Retraction of scapula happens on the

Answer 32

thoracic wall (moving arms forward and then towards the back)