INTRO TO CLINICALLY ORIENTED ANATOMY Flashcards
Describe the Anatomical Position
The human form in a fixed state is as follows:
1) standing erect facing forward 2) arms hanging at the side, palms facing forward 3) legs paced together, feet directed forward
The body is divided into how many planes?
It is three dimensional and divided into a series of three dimensional planes
In sectioning of the body, what are the planes?
Sagittal plane, divides into right/left. median or midsaggital (exactly down the middle), or parasaggital
Frontal plane, divided into anterior/posteriorTraverse/horizontal plane, divides into superior/inferior
Oblique, diagonal cuts btw horizontal and vertical
Name for Anterior in relation to the body
Ventral , nearer the front
Name for Posterior in relation to the body
Dorsal, nearer the back
Name for Superior in relation to the body
Cranial, upward or nearer the head
Name for Inferior in relation to the body
Caudal, downward or nearer the feet
Medial in relation to the body
Toward the midline or median plane
Lateral in relation to the body
Farther down the midline or median plane
In relation to the body, Proximal
Near a reference point
In relation to the body, Distal
Away from a reference point
In relation to the body, Superficial
Closer to the surface
In relation to the body, Deep
Farther from the surface
In relation to the body, Rostral
Nearer the anterior part of the head
In relation to the body, Palmar
The surface of the hand and fingers corresponding to the palm
In relation to the body, Plantar
The surface of the foot and toes corresponding to the sole
In relation to the body extension and flexion occurs at
Upper limb, at shoulder joint
Lower limb, at hip joint
Forearm, at elbow joint
Leg, at knee joint
Vertebral column, at intervertebral joint (as in leaning torso backward and forward )
Hand, at the wrist joint
Digits (fingers), at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints
How does the thumb move?
Opposition and Reposition of the thumb at the carpotmetacarpal joint and the little finger at the metacarpophalangeal joint
The forearm movement is
Pronation and supination of the radioulnar joints
Adduction and abduction of digits move at
The 1st 2nd 4th and 5th digits at the metacarpophalangeal joints
Lateral abduction and Medial abduction of digit
The 3rd digit at the metacarpophalangeal joint
How is the thumb rotated?
90 degrees relative to other structures
Describe movements of the thumb
Abduction and Adduction occurs in a frontal plane at the metacarpophalangeal joint.
Flexion and Extension occurs in saggital planes, at the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints opposite to these movements at other joints
Right and left limbs adduction and abduction along with lateral (external) and medial (internal) rotation happens at
The glenohumeral and hip joints respectively
Circumduction (circular movement) happens at
The lower limb at the hip joint
Dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot happens at
the ankle joint
Inversion and Eversion of the foot happens at
the subtalar and transverse tarsal joints
Lateral bending is
Lateral flexion of the trunk
Rotation is of the
Head, neck, and upper trunk
Shoulders movement up and down is called
Elevation and Depression
The jaw movement is called and at the
Protrusion and Retrusion at the temporomandibular joints
Protraction and Retraction of scapula happens on the
thoracic wall (moving arms forward and then towards the back)
