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Abnormal Psychology > Intro to Clinical Psych > Flashcards

Intro to Clinical Psych Flashcards

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1
Q

Pathology

A

deviation from what is normal/healthy

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2
Q

Strategy for defining abnormal

A
  1. atypical/culturally unexpected
  2. dysfunctional
  3. causes distress/impairment
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3
Q

Things to consider when defining “atypical/culturally unexpected”

A

nature of behavior, frequency, duration, intensity, developmental context, cultural context

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4
Q

define dysfunctional

A

doesn’t work well for the individual

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5
Q

distress/impairment

A

usually in DSM criteria

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6
Q

Issues in defining abnormal

A

statistical rarity, just because it’s common doesn’t mean it’s “not abnormal”
culture’s role in defining

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7
Q

presenting problem

A

original complaint/symptoms

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8
Q

clinical description

A

details of one’s behaviors, thoughts, feelings

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9
Q

diagnosis

A

process of determining/classifying a problem; also refers to the specific label applied to the problem

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10
Q

prevalence

A

of people displaying a disorder in population at one time

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11
Q

incidence

A

of new cases within a specific time period

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12
Q

lifetime prevalence

A

% of population that will reach the disorder

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13
Q

course

A

pattern of deveopment and change of a disorder

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14
Q

age of onset

A

disorder first begins at this age

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15
Q

etiology

A

cause of a disorder

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16
Q

treatment

A

attempts to intervene

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17
Q

prognosis

A

anticipated course of a disorder

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18
Q

how do you study psychopathy?

A

theories/framework

data/research

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19
Q

theory

A

idea/set of ideas about the way things are or how they work

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20
Q

role of theory

A

guide educated gueses

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21
Q

Difference between role of theory in research vs. practice

A

research: guides questions, hypotheses, organize findings
Practice: informs understandings of causes, guides approach to treatment

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22
Q

biological theory

A

psychopathologies are caused by physicalities…
genetics, chemical imbalances
treat with meds

23
Q

behavioral theory

A

problems contingent on environment
learned maladaptive response
change contingencies

24
Q

cognitive theory

A

thoughts, behaviors, emotions
cognitive distortions
restructure thoughts

25
Q

psychodynamic theory

A

ID, Freudian theory
personality structures in conflict seperating us from norm
intra-psychic conflict
psychoanalysis (treatment)

26
Q

systems/socioecological theory

A

individual influenced by systems (fam, school)
they’re a product of the system, not just the individual
treatment - change the system

27
Q

biopsychosocial model

A

multiple explanations. draws on many perspectives

28
Q

research

A

systematic investigation to acquire knowledge in an area

29
Q

objective of research

A

pursuit of knowledge

30
Q

epidemiological research

A

prevalence, incidence, age of onset, comorbidity

31
Q

Etiology in research

A

causes, risk/protective factors, mechanisms

32
Q

developmental in research

A

how behavior changes, what is norm/abnorm at diff ages, what disorders look like at diff ages

33
Q

treatment in research

A

what works, what’s best

34
Q

steps to scientific method

A

problem, hypothesis, measurement, data, analyze, interpret

35
Q

diathesis

A

vulnerability

36
Q

diathesis-stress model

A

diathesis + stress = problem

diathesis could be genes,

37
Q

assessment

A

systematic evaluation, description, measurement of psychological, biological, or social factors

38
Q

keys to assesment

A

process
systematic
evaluation

39
Q

8 yo with headaches, what might you assess?

A

symptoms (behaviors, thoughts, emotions), abiities (IQ), causes, context

40
Q

4 reasons we assess

A

clinical description
diagnosis
prognosis
treatment planning

41
Q

question

A

referral

42
Q

hypothesis

A

possible explanation

43
Q

methods

A

tests, measures

44
Q

collect data

A

administer test/observe

45
Q

analyze data

A

do results support hypothesis

46
Q

interpret

A

diagnosis and treatment planning

47
Q

interviews

A

direct information but potential bias, level of insight

48
Q

tests

A

objective but time-consuming/expensive

49
Q

objective test

A

IQ, neuropsych test

50
Q

projective test

A

rorschach

51
Q

disorder-specific tet

A

continuous performance test for adhd

52
Q

norm-referenced test

A

allows for comparisons to “normal”, quick easy, variety of disorders but potential bias

53
Q

observations

A

objective but not everything is visible

54
Q

differential diagnosis

A

determining the most appropriate diagnosis among multiple possibilities

Abnormal Psychology (2 decks)

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