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Clinical Assessment > Intro to Clinical Assessment > Flashcards

Intro to Clinical Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

FIND THE CAUSE

A

THEN TREAT THE CAUSE

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2
Q

Term denoting the disease or syndrome a person has or is believed to have (Taber’s)

A

Diagnosis

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3
Q

An appraisal or evaluation of a patient’s condition….(Taber’s)

A

Assessment

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4
Q
  • Any loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function
  • Impairment of patient’s body structure or function
  • Can occur as a result of a medical condition, pathology or injury
  • Can be applied to the wellness model of care as well
A

Impairment

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5
Q

WHY ASSESS?

A
  1. Gather information necessary to devise a safe treatment plan
  2. Gather information necessary to devise an effective treatment plan
  3. A tool to monitor the progress/effectiveness of treatment
  4. A means to communicate with other health care professionals
  5. Required by law
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6
Q

Subjective data, Objective data, Assessment, and Plan

A

“SOAP” notes

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7
Q

Patient’s perception of the current symptoms and their health history
(what they tell you)

A

Subjective Data

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8
Q

The practitioners observations, testing, and physical findings

A

Objective Data

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9
Q

The examiners diagnosis or assessment of the condition, what you believe the cause of the complaint to be

A

Assessment

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10
Q

• This is treatment ____ or what the therapist will do to treat the problem

A

Plan

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11
Q

ASSESSMENT PROTOCOL

A
  1. Case history
  2. Observation
  3. Palpation
  4. Rule Outs
  5. Functional Tests (ROM tests AF,PR,AR)
  6. Special Tests
  7. Muscle Tests
  8. Neurological Tests
  9. Joint Play examination
  10. Lesion site palpation
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12
Q

T/F

Observe and test Unilaterally

A

false

test BILATERALLY (all observations and functional/ROM testing)

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13
Q

T/F

Test the UNAFFECTED SIDE
First

A

True

Provides a baseline for comparison

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14
Q

T/F

Do the most PAINFUL TESTS
LAST

A

True

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15
Q

T/F

If your patient experiences pain during a particular movement or test have them CONTINUE and identify the LOCATION and NATURE of the pain.

A

False

Have them STOP and identify the LOCATION and NATURE of the pain.

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16
Q

T/F

Take a thorough case history it
saves you time by avoiding unnecessary testing

A

True

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17
Q

T/F

Always support the limb in a shortened and active position

A

False

Always support the limb in a secure and neutral position

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18
Q

T/F

Rule out the proximal and distal joints. This ensures that you are in fact assessing the proper joint

A

True

The complaint may be the result of dysfunction at another joint or referred pain

19
Q

T/F

Ignore referred pain, it is not part of general guidelines

A

False

Be aware referred pain
• Neurological, Trigger Point, or Visceral

20
Q

Hips and knees are at 90° flexion

A

High Seated

21
Q

Hips at 90° flexion, knees extended

A

Long Seated

22
Q

Supine, hips at 45° flexion, knees at 90° flexion

A

Hook lying

23
Q

An unpleasant sensation associated with actual or potential tissue damage
• Mediated by specific nerve fibres to the brain
• Conscious appreciation may be modified by various factors

A

PAIN

24
Q
  • Pain results from the release of chemical irritants of inflammation
  • Pain also a result of swelling / edema that compresses nociceptors
A

INFLAMMATORY

25
Q
  • Pain results from the stretch or compression of pain sensitive structures
  • These structures contain nociceptors, when they are stimulated, produce painful sensations
A

MECHANICAL

26
Q

Pain provoked by noxious stimulation produced by injury/disease

A

ACUTE PAIN

27
Q

Pain that persists beyond the usual course of healing

A

CHRONIC PAIN

28
Q
  • A clinical syndrome in which patients present with high levels of pain that is chronic in duration
  • Involves functional limitations and often times depression
A

CHRONIC PAIN SYNDROME

29
Q

Pain as a result of non-inflammatory dysfunction of the peripheral or central nervous system that does not involve nociceptor stimulation or trauma

A

NEUROGENIC PAIN

30
Q
  • Pain that is felt at another location of the body that is distant from the tissues that have caused it
  • Occurs because the same or adjacent neural segments supply the referred site
  • Usually reported as pain that is in a generalized area, felt deeply, radiates segmentally without crossing the midline, and has indistinct boundaries
A

REFERRED PAIN

31
Q
  • Also known as radicular or nerve root pain
  • Involves a spinal nerve or spinal nerve root
  • Pain that is felt in a dermatome, myotome, or sclerotome
A

RADICULOPATHY

32
Q
  • A dermatome is an area of skin supplied by one dorsal nerve root
  • Injury can cause sensory alteration to the skin, or pain (usually burning or electric)
A

DERMATOMAL PAIN

33
Q

A myotome is a group of muscles supplied by one nerve root

A

MYOTOMAL PAIN

34
Q

An area of bone or fascia innervated by a nerve root

A

SCLEROTOMAL PAIN:

35
Q
  • Nerve roots also supply the viscera

* Pain can be felt in a dermatome as a result of visceral injury

A

VISCERAL PAIN

36
Q

• Referred pain arising from a trigger point
• Patient often feels the pain at a distance that is entirely remote from the area of the
trigger point
• Untreated trigger points can be associated with pain syndromes that include but are not limited to: radiculopathy, tension headaches, frozen shoulder, tennis elbow…

A

TRIGGER POINT PAIN

37
Q

as a lesion worsens, the area of pain enlarges and moves distally from the original lesion. This concept is referred to as

A

peripheralization

38
Q

If resolving, the area decreases and becomes localized, this is called

A

centralization

39
Q 
Usually indicates a lesion to a superficial structure such as:
o Superficial muscles and tendons (ex. hamstrings strain or tendonitis)
o Superficialligaments(ex.MCL)...mostligamentsaredeepanddonotcausesuperficial
pain
o Bursa;suchasatthegreatertrochanterorolecranon o Superficialperiosteum;suchasatiliaccrestcontusion.
A

Local

40
Q

Pain that is not localized and can occur with injuries to the following:

A deep somatic or neural structure
Jointsubluxation or dislocation
Severe hematoma
Fractures; sometimes described as deep boring pain Trigger points and local cutaneous nerves

A

Diffuse

41
Q

Ligaments cause pain when

A

sprained

42
Q

tendons cause pain when

A

strained

43
Q 
swelling
heat
altered function 
redness
pain
A

SHARP

Clinical Assessment (1 decks)

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