Intro to cell/ harvest of energy Flashcards
Functions of Membrane Protein
Transport, cell to cell recognition, intercellular joining, signal transduction, attachment to Cytoskeleton and ECM, Enzymatic Activity
Chromatin
DNA with histones
Cytoskeleton component that is the smallest, and what it contains?
Microfilament, actin
Biggest cytoskeleton that consists cilia or flagella, chromosome movement?
Microtubules
cytoskeleton that changes cell shape and contracts muscle?
Microfilament
Pyruvate oxidation is pyruvate to ________________
Acetyl coA
Citric Acid product per 1 glucose
2ATP, 6NADH, 2FADH2, 4CO2
Glycolysis is Glucose to _________
Pyruvate
Oxidative phosphorylation is consisted of the two steps:
Electron transport chain and chemiosmosis
Place of ribosome subunit assemble
Nucleolus
Place of rRNA production
nucleolus
Cell specific organelle that creates steroids and houses protein
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus vesicles
Transport vesicle, secretory vesicle, membrane vesicle
Lysosomes digest
Cell components(organelle), cell, substance that enter cell
Inner mitochondria membrane has cristae, what is the fluid that is contained in the cristae?
Matrix
microfilament function
Bear tension by attaching to plasma membrane proteins, promote amoeboid motility
Microfilaments are found at:
the periphery and interior lining of cell
microfilaments can be assembled and disassembled. They are :
dynamic
Intermediate filaments are Keratin, its functions are:
Bear tension and weight by cell anchoring, acts as a cell scaffold for organelles(nucleus)
Microtubules extend from :
centriole
microtubule functions include:
support cell shape and size, guide for movement of organelles, chromosome organization, support and movement of cilia/flagella
microtubule functions include:
support cell shape and size, guide for movement of organelles, chromosome organization, support and movement of cilia/flagella
Most permanent cytoskeleton component is:
intermediate filament(keratin )
Dynamic cytoskeleton filaments?
Microtubules and microfilament
Glucose macromolecules to store for harder times ?
glycogen
Glycogen catabolism reactions are stimulated by what enzyme :
glucagon
glucose usage is stimulated by what enzyme?
insulin
which Pancreas Alpha/ beta cells secrete insulin?
Beta cells
Which step of cellular respiration happens in the cytosol? And does it require oxygen?
Glycolysis, and it does not need oxygen
how many of each NADH and ATP molecules are produced in glycolysis?
2,2
How many each of NADH and CO2 is produced by pyruvate oxidation?
2,2
The production of ATP in glycolysis and Citric acid cycle is via
substrate phosphorylation
Final electron acceptor in electron transport chain?
oxygen -> H2O
The electron transport chain occurs at
proteins in the inner membrane
Chemiosmosis produces how many ATP?
26 OR 28
What controls cellular respiration which is inhibited by citrate and ATP?
phosphofructokinase
what stimulates phosphofructokinase?
AMP
what is phosphofructokinase?
a molecule that controls cellular respiration, substrate molecule that makes pyruvate, and can be inhibited by citrate and ATP produced later on.
what promotes glucose uptake(ATP production or storage in liver)?
insulin
