Intro to Autonomic Nervous System Drugs Flashcards
what are the paravertebral sympathetic ganglia?
- superior cervical (head & neck)
- middle cervical ganglia (heart)
- inferior cervical ganglia (heart)
what are the prevertebral sympathetic ganglia?
- celiac
- superior mesenteric
- inferior mesenteric
(stomach, small intestine, colon)
sympathetic output is _____, while parasympathetic output is _______.
diffuse (branches); discrete (no branches)
sympathetic AND parasympathetic preganglionic fibers release which neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine (ACh)
ACh binds to which type of receptors?
nicotinic
postganglionic sympathetic nerves release which neurotransmitter?
norepinephrine (NE)
postganglionic parasympathetic nerves release which neurotransmitter?
acetylcholine (ACh)
NE from postgang symp binds to ________ receptors
adrenergic
ACh from postgang parasymp binds to ________ receptors
muscarinic
what are the 2 types of adrenergic receptors
alpha & beta
how many subclasses do alpha adrenergic receptors have?
2 (a1, a2)
how many subclasses do beta adrenergic receptors have?
3 (B1, B2, B3)
which adrenergic receptor subclass is described below?
smooth muscle contraction
- blood vessel constriction
- contraction of radial muscle in iris
- GI and bladder sphincter contraction
a1
which adrenergic receptor subclass is described below?
typically found on the presynapse; provide negative feedback and inhibit neurotransmitter release
a2
which adrenergic receptor subclass is described below?
mainly found on heart and kidney
- increase heart rate and contractility
- renin release
B1
which adrenergic receptor subclass is described below?
relaxation of visceral smooth muscle
- dilate skeletal muscle blood vessels
- relax bronchial smooth muscle
- relax intestinal + bladder function
B2
which adrenergic receptor subclass is described below?
lipolysis in fat cells; detrusor muscle relaxation
B3
cytoplasmic NE that isn’t transported into synaptic vesicles is degraded by ______
monoamine oxidase (MAO)
what are the 2 types of cholinergic receptors
- muscarinic
- nicotinic
cholinergic receptor located primarily on effector cells that are innervated by postgang parasymp nerves… classified into 5 subtypes & utilize GPCRs
muscarinic
cholinergic receptor located on postgang nerve cell bodies at ALL autonomic ganglia, the adrenal medulla, and skeletal muscle in somatic NS… utilizes ligand-gated ion channels
nicotinic
which muscarinic receptor subtype is predominantly located in the stomach and enteric nervous system? Their stimulation leads to increased secretions along GI tract
M1
which muscarinic receptor subtype is located in the heart? Their activation decreases the contractility of the heart and heart rate
M2
