Intro to A.Rev Quiz Flashcards
Who was John Locke?
An english philosopher who contributed to ideas of the Enlightenment era. These ideas (such as natural rights, etc), greatly contributed to the creation of the Declaration of Independence.
Who was John Adams?
Strong advocate for the colonies independence from GB, and was a big figure in creating the Declaration of Independence.
Who was King George lll?
King of GB during the A. Rev.
Who was George Washington?
Commander of the Continental Army. Led American forces to victory and Independence from GB.
Who was Samuel Adams?
Leader of the Boston Sons of Liberty
Who was Thomas Paine?
The most influential writer during the A. Rev. Wrote the famous Common Sense Pamphlet and Crisis Papers that GW read to his troops during war.
What was the Proclamation of 1763?
British law that banned the settlement of any colonists west of the Appalachian Mts (unless access was granted by Britain). Created in order to keep peace between colonists and n. americans.
What was the Sons of Liberty?
Group of normal colonists that rebelled and protested against the Stamp Act.
What were the Intolerable Acts?
Four laws passed by Britain to punish Boston and Massachusetts’ colonists for their acts of rebellion. Gave Britain more control over colonies.
What were the 4 parts of the Intoler. Acts?
- BOS harbor is closed until money is paid for all the dumped tea
- BRI soldiers will be tried for crimes in BRI
- Quartering Act is more strict
- No more town meetings amongst colonists w/out BRI generals present
What was the Boston Massacre?
A large group of armed BRI soldiers fired on an unarmed group of colonists. Previously, the colonists were instigating and yelling at the BRI troops.
What was the French and Indian War?
GB gained tremendous territory in North America, but did so by kicking the native americans out of their land.
Start in 1754 - End w/ Treaty of Paris in 1763
What was the Battle of Saratoga?
Importance:
- Turning point in war
- French will formally help colonists
- US is taking out BRI generals
Outcome:
- Colonists win
Who were the loyalists?
The colonists who stayed loyal to the British crown and laws.
Who were the patriots?
The colonists who rebelled and fought against the British crown and laws.
What was the Battle of Lexington and Concord?
Importance:
- Start of the Rev.
- ‘Shot heard round’ the world’
Outcome:
- Colonists won
- British has to retreat
What was the Sugar Act?
Law passed in 1764 that required colonists to pay taxes for BRI imported goods
What were the Declaratory Acts?
Law passed in 1766 that gave BRI Parliament all the power to make laws even w/out reps for the colonies
What was the Enlightenment?
A movement that emphasized reason, individual rights, and natural laws. The inspo to the A. Rev
What was the Tea Act?
Law passed in 1773 that permitted the East Indian Company to sell tea to the colonies - most colonists still refused
What was the Boston Tea Party?
When colonists refused to pay taxes on their tea, and so they threw the tea into the BOS harbor
What was the Battle of Trenton?
Importance:
- BRI had control over NYC and Philly
- Colonists were losing steam - BIG WIN (moral boost!)
- French will now send supplies in marked ships
Outcome:
- Colonists won
What was the 1st Continental Congress?
A meeting with 12/13 colonies about rebelling against BRI laws and control. Created in response to the Intolerable Acts
What was the 2nd Continental Congress?
A meeting with all of the 13 colonies that were united in their rebellion against BRI rule. Served as “a gov.” during the A. Rev
Who were the minutemen?
Minutemen were colonists and soldiers who were ready to fight at a minute/moment’s notice
What was the Declaration of Independence?
A document that established the independence and break away of the 13 colonies from Britain
What was the Stamp Act Congress?
A meeting held in NYC with reps. from 9 colonies, to brainstorm ideas on how to rebel the Stamp Act
What were the Townshend Acts?
Law passed in 1767, that placed a tax on all common items (silk, tea, dye, etc)
What were non-importation agreements?
Signed papers by colonial merchants to not buy or import British goods
What was “Common Sense”?
A powerful pamphlet written by Thomas Paine, that forcefully argued the independence of the colonies from BRI
What was the Battle of Yorktown?
Importance:
- Signing of the Treaty of Paris
(2 more years of fighting)
Outcome:
- Colonies won!
What was the Battle of Bunker Hill?
Importance:
- “good loss”
- “Don’t shoot till you see the whites of their eyes”
- Proved that colonies were going to put up a tough fight
Outcome:
- BRI wins (but suffers serious casualties)
What was imperialism?
When one powerful nation is controlling another country
What was the Stamp Act?
Law passed in 1765, that placed a tax on all printed goods
What was the Quartering Act?
Law passed in 1765 by B.Parlia, that forced colonists to house, feed, and provide for BRI soldiers that would show up to their homes
(NY colonists refused to serve the troops; therefore, BRI had to take them back)
What were the writs of assistance?
Search warrants by BRI officials that were used to enforce the Townshend Acts
What was the Battle of New York?
Importance:
- First major defeat
- NYC remains under BRI control until the end of war
Outcome:
- BRI wins
What was Valley Forge?
Where GW trained his troops
What was the Treaty of Paris?
A treaty that recognized US independence and granted US major territory in the west
What were the 3 most important parts of the Treaty of Paris?
- GRT BRI recognized US independence
- Agreed MISSI. River is the boundary to west
- Promise that BRI merchants should be able to collect debts
__________________________________ - Florida went back to Spain
- Americans were granted freedom to fish off of the northern boundaries
- Congress would push the states to give the loyalist their confiscated land back
Who were hessians?
The German soldiers who were hired by BRI to fight the colonists in the A. Rev
What was Fort Ticonderoga?
Importance:
- Colonists got supplies and control of the fort
- Colonies won
