Intro to Angiosperm Classification and Relationships Flashcards
Variation in vegetative morphology is often substantially related to _________/__________.
Habitat/habit. (e.g. desert/aquatic/rainforest environment).
Variation is floral morphology is often related to ________.
Pollination. (Insect/bird/mammal/wind/water).
Variation in fruit and seed morphology is often related to _________.
Dispersal. (Insects/birds/mammals/wind/water).
Rules about plant names are now governed by which code?
The International Code of Botanical Nomenclature.
Orders end in with which suffix?
-ales.
Families end with which suffix?
-aceae.
Willi Hennig emphasized the importance of which features for defining groups?
Advanced (apomorphic) features rather than primitive (plesiomorphic) features.
Monophyletic groups (clades) are based on ____________.
Synapomorphies (shared derived characters).
What is another name for clade?
Monophyletic.
What is another name for grade?
Paraphyletic.
Polyphyletic organisms are derived from more than one common evolutionary ancestor or ancestral group and therefore not suitable for placing in the same taxon. True or false?
True.
The flower parts of monocotyledons (monocots) are usually in ________ (or multiples thereof).
Threes.
Monocot leaves usually have _________ _________.
Parallel veins.
Monocots usually have no s_________ g_________.
Secondary growth.
The flower parts of dicotyledons (dicots) are usually in ________ or ________ (or multiples thereof).
Fours or fives.
Dicot leaves usually have _________ _________ (reticulate).
Netted veins.
In dicotyledons secondary growth is common. True or false?
True.
How are vascular bundles distributed in monocots?
Distributed in ground tissue in stem (scattered).
How are vascular bundles distributed in dicots?
Distributed as a ring in the stem.
What type of root system do monocots display?
A fibrous root system.
What type of root system to dicots display?
A taproot system.
Monocots have how many cotyledons (embryonic leaves)?
Note: embryonic leaves are the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed.
One.
Dicots have how many cotyledons (embryonic leaves)?
Note: embryonic leaves are the first leaves to appear from a germinating seed.
Two.
Are there more species found in the monocots or the eudicots?
The eudicots.
