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Bio 221 Lecture Exam 1 > Intro to Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Intro to Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The definition of Anatomy

A

To cut apart (disect) and the study of the bodily structure

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2
Q

Anatomy includes

A

Systemic or Regional, Gross or Microscopic, Developmental, Imaging

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3
Q

Systemic means

A

all organs

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4
Q

Regional means

A

section

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5
Q

Imaging means

A

non invasive such as MRI

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6
Q

The definition of Physiology

A

Study of nature

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7
Q

The study of Bodily functions include

A

Cell physiology, Pathophysiology, immunology, exercise physiology

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8
Q

Pathophysiology means

A

disease

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9
Q

Immunology means

A

infections

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10
Q

Extension means

A

opposite of flexion

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11
Q

Flexion means to

A

flex muscle, opposite of extension

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12
Q

Anterior means

A

front of body

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13
Q

Posterior means

A

back of body

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14
Q

Abduction means

A

away from

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15
Q

Adduction means

A

toward or together

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16
Q

Pronation means

A

palms facing downward

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17
Q

Supination means

A

palms facing upward

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18
Q

The levels of structural Organization are

A

Chemical, Cellular, Tissue and Organ

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19
Q

Chemical consist of

A

atoms and molecules

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20
Q

Cellular have

A

organelles and cells

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21
Q

Tissue have

A

groups of cells

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22
Q

Organ have

A

2 or more tissue types, specific functions, and recognizable shape

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23
Q

The 2 levels of structural organization are

A

System and Organismal

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24
Q

System organization consist of

A

11 organ systems with common functions

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25
Q

Organismal

A

has the highest level of all parts of organism

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26
Q

Name the 11 organ systems

A

Integumentary System, Skeletal System, Muscular System, Nervous System, Endocrine System, Cardiovascular System, Lymphatic System, Respiratory System, Digestive System, Urinary System, Reproductive System

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27
Q

Integumentary System

A

external body covering; protection and sensation

28
Q

Skeletal System

A

internal support, protection

29
Q

Muscular System

A

movement

30
Q

Nervous System

A

fast acting control system

31
Q

Endocrine System

A

hormonal control, secreted by glands

32
Q

Cardiovascular System

A

Transports circulating blood

33
Q

Lymphatic System

A

Returns fluid leaked from blood, immune defense

34
Q

Respiratory System

A

exchanges gases with environment

35
Q

Digestive System

A

break down and absorption of food, elimination of undigestable food

36
Q

Urinary System

A

removes metabolic wastes from the blood as urine

37
Q

Reproductive System

A

produces offspring

38
Q

Homeostatis

A

maintains a relatively stable internal environment, regardless of external conditions.

39
Q

Dynamic Equilibrium

A

Regulated by feedback mechanisms

40
Q

The 3 components of Homeostatic Control Mechanisms

A

Receptor, Control center, and Effector

41
Q

The Receptor component

A

detects changes

42
Q

The control center

A

determines set point (normal) and appropriate response to deviations

43
Q

The effector

A

to respond to change

44
Q

Negative Feedback System

A

is common, reverse changes, results in fluctuations about set point. Example: control of body temperature

45
Q

Positive Feedback System

A

rare and change is increased, may be harmful example: lactation, blood clot formation

46
Q

Anatomical Position

A

erect stance, palms forward

47
Q

Directional term

A

explain relative location of body parts. Many paired opposites

48
Q

Regional terms

A

refer to specific body parts, regions. Divides to Anterior and Posterior landmarks

49
Q

Frontal Plane

A

Vertical, divides into Anterior (front) and Posterior (back)

50
Q

Transverse Plane

A

Horizontal Plane, divides into Superior (top) and Inferior (bottom)

51
Q

Sagittal Plane

A

Vertical, divides into right and left (think of line going down the middle)

52
Q

Oblique Plane

A

Diagonal between vertical and horizontal

53
Q

What are body cavities?

A

protect and allow for growth and change

54
Q

When do the Dorsal and Ventral form?

A

During embryological development

55
Q

Cranial

A

brain

56
Q

Spinal and Vertebral

A

spinal cord

57
Q

Mediastinum cavity

A

Between lungs. esophagus, trachea, blood vessels, thymus, heart,

58
Q

Abdominopelvic cavity

A

Abdonimal and pelvic

59
Q

Thoracic Cavity

A

(Lungs)Pleural, Mediastinal and Pericardial cavity

60
Q

Pleural Cavity

A

lungs

61
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

around heart, division of Mediastinal Cavity

62
Q

What organs can you find in the upper right quadrant?

A

Liver, Gallbladder

63
Q

Upper left quadrant?

A

Stomach, spleen

64
Q

Lower right quadrant?

A

Appendix

65
Q

Lower left quadrant?

A

sigmoid colon

Bio 221 Lecture Exam 1 (1 decks)

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