Intro to anaesthesia for vet nursing Flashcards
General Anaesthesia
state of unconsciousness produced by a process of controlled and reversible depression of the CNS whereby the patient does not perceive noxious stimuli
Local Anaesthesia
Insensibility caused by interrupting the sensory nerve conduction of any region of the body
Sedation
The allaying of irritability or excitement or the state so induced
Anxiolysis
A state of reduced anxiety
Analgesia
reduced sensibility to pain
Narcosis
A sleep like state
Hypnosis
An artificially induced state of passivity
Aim of anaesthesia
Prevent awareness & response to pain
Immobility & relaxation
Good operating conditions
Minimal morbidity & mortality
Anaesthetic triad
Narcosis
Muscle relaxation
Analgesia
Flow of anaesthesia
Pre-op assessment
Pre-med
Induction
Maintenance
Recovery
ASA 1
Normal healthy patient
ASA 2
Patient with mild systemic disease that does not limit activities
ASA 3
Moderate to severe systemic disease that limits activities but is not a constant threat to life
ASA 4
Severe systemic disease that is a constant threat to life
ASA 5
Moribund patient, not expected to live 24h without surgery
3 types of GA
Inhalation
Injectable
TIVA
5 types of local anaesthetic
Topical
Infiltration
Regional or nerve block
Neuraxial
IV regional
What is tidal volume
Volume of air in one inspiration or expiration
What is minute volume
Total amount of air that moves in (or out) of the respiratory system in 1m
What is dead space
Area of the respiratory system where air does not participate in gas exchange
What are anatomical dead spaces
Anatomical parts of the respiratory system that don’t participate in gas exchange
What is a physiological dead space
Alveoli not involved in gas exchange
Effects of anaesthesia on ventilation
Reduced ventilation
Airway obstruction
Cooling
