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ABA Terms > Intro Terms > Flashcards

Intro Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Define characteristics of ABA

A

Applied, Behavioral, Analytic, Technological, conceptually systematic, effective, generality

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2
Q

ABC stands for…

A

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence

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3
Q

Reinforcement

A

Event following the behavior which increases that behavior

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4
Q

Punishment

A

event following the behavior which decreases that behavior

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5
Q

Positive Reinforcement

A

Addition of a pleasant stimulus (SR+)

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6
Q

Negative Reinforcement

A

Removal of an aversive stimulus (SR-)

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7
Q

Positive Punishment

A

Addition of an aversive stimulus (SP+)

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8
Q

Negative Punishment

A

Removal of pleasant stimulus (SP-)

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9
Q

Behavioral Momentum

A

Antecedent Strategy Series of request for bxs associated with a high rate of reinforcement, then presenting a request for behavior that has a low-p of occurring

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10
Q

Choice

A

Antecedent Strategy Allowing individuals to exhibit preference in selection of materials, activities, order of task completion and/or other elements of instructional day

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11
Q

Environmental Modification

A

Antecedent Strategy changing activities in environment or activity to increase likelihood that appropriate behaviors will occur

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12
Q

Errorless learning

A

Antecedent Strategy Teaching procedures that reduce likelihood of incorrect responding

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13
Q

Incorporating Student Interest

A

Antecedent Strategy Using highly preferred activities/items during instruction to increase student engagement

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14
Q

Priming

A

Antecedent Strategy previewing student’s future task/activity

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15
Q

Time Delay

A

Antecedent Strategy providing brief delay between initial instruction and any additional prompts or instructions

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16
Q

Visual Prompts

A

Antecedent Strategy Tools presented visually (pictures, words, checklist)

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17
Q

Contingency contracting

A

Consequence Strategy document that ID a contingent relationship between the completion of a specific bxs and access to specific reward

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18
Q

Delayed Contingencies

A

Consequence Strategy Providing response to behaviors after a designated period of time has passed rather than immediately following behavior

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19
Q

Differential Reinforcement

A

Consequence Strategy Providing reinforcement for behaviors when they occur at a certain time and place, while NOT providing reinforcement when the behaviors don’t occur during another time and place

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20
Q

Extinction

A

Consequence Strategy Withdrawing or ending the use of a reinforcer that maintained an interfering behavior

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21
Q

Overcorrection

A

Consequence Strategy Requiring to restore or correct an environment he/she has disturbed beyond its original condition and/or requiring practice of appropriate behaviors repeatedly

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22
Q

Response Interruption

A

Consequence Strategy Blocking attempt to engage in interfering behaviors

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23
Q

Redirection

A

Consequence Strategy prompting to engage in more appropriate and alternative behaviors

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24
Q

Reinforcement

A

Consequence Strategy Consequence likely to maintain or increase

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25
Q

Chaining

A

Instructional Strategy reinforcing individual responses occurring in sequence to form a complex behavior

26
Q

DTT

A

Instructional Strategy providing clear cues, prompts, and consequences after a response

27
Q

Functional Communication Training (FCT)

A

Instructional Strategy Replacing inappropriate behavior with a communicative function and with more appropriate and effective communicative behaviors or skills

28
Q

Incidental Teaching

A

Instructional Strategy Teaching in natural environment using child interest along with child selected reinforcers

29
Q

Modeling

A

Instructional Strategy Demonstrating a desired behavior

30
Q

Pivotal Response Treatment

A

Instructional Strategy naturalistic intervention focused on targeting pivotal behavioral areas

31
Q

Prompting

A

Instructional Strategy providing help that assist in specific skills

32
Q

Shaping

A

Instructional Strategy reinforcing for exhibiting closer and closer approximations to desired behavior

33
Q

Task Analysis

A

Instructional Strategy breaking down complex behaviors into its component steps

34
Q

Motivating Operations

A

Variables in the environment that can alter the relative value of a particular reinforcer at a particular time

35
Q

Deprivation (reinforcer)

A

when a person hasn’t had access to a particular reinforcer for a significant period of time… increases value of particular reinforcer in that moment

36
Q

What are the variables of reinforcer effectiveness?

A

Deprivation, Immediacy, Size, Contingency DISC

37
Q

What schedule of reinforcement should be used when learning a new behavior?

A

Continuous

38
Q

What schedule of reinforcement should be used when maintaining a behavior?

A

Intermittent

39
Q

Ratio Schedules of Reinforcement

A

based on counting

40
Q

Fixed Ratio Schedule

A

after fixed number of responses reinforcement is provided

41
Q

Variable Ratio Schedule

A

Only provides reinforcement some of the time. Individual will not know when reinforcement will be produced (think slot machine)

42
Q

Which schedule of reinforcement has the highest rates of responding?

A

Variable ratio

43
Q

Interval schedules of reinforcement

A

Passage of time

44
Q

Fixed Interval Schedule

A

Person only gets reinforcer once the response is given after the fixed amount of time

45
Q

Variable Interval schedules

A

reinforcer delivered after unpredictable amount of time has passed

46
Q

Extinction Burst

A

Behavior increases to see if reinforcement is produced again before behavior completely goes away

47
Q

Spontaneous Recovery

A

behavior occurs again with full intensity even though behavior has not been reinforced

48
Q

Response Cost

A

Removal of pleasant stimuli or privileges after behavior (breaks curfew mom takes away keys) think positive punishment

49
Q

Time Out

A

Withdrawal of opportunity to earn positive reinforcement or loss of access to positive reinforcement for a specific period of time (Think negative punishment)

50
Q

Applied Behavior Analysis

A

Science of applying behavioral principles to change socially significant behaviors to a meaningful degree

51
Q

What are the first step to implementing behavioral treatment?

A
  1. Define the behavior 2. behavioral operations must be operational
52
Q

Direct observations

A

observing and recording as it occurs which makes it less subjective

53
Q

Name direct measurement techniques

A
  1. event recording 2. duration 3. interval recording 4. time sample recording
54
Q

What is event recording?

A

Behavior observed continuously and documented as it occurs

55
Q

what are you looking for in event recording?

A
  1. does it look the same each time? 2. does behavior having a beginning or end?
56
Q

Frequency recording

A

used for behaviors having clear beginning and end -raising hand good example -tantrums bad example

57
Q

How do you record rate?

A

Frequency/time

58
Q

Duration and Latency recording

A

how long a behavior occurs

59
Q

Total duration

A

how long a behavior occurs from beginning to end

60
Q

latency

A

time between SD and response

ABA Terms (3 decks)

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