Intro, Planes of Anatomy, Technology Flashcards
Audiology
Study of hearing
Audiologist
A professional who diagnoses and treats people with hearing loss
Otology
Branch of medicine dealing with the ear
Detection
Awareness of the presence or absence of sound
Discrimination
Ability to tell if two sounds are the same or different
Identification
Ability to label or name the sound that is heard
Comprehension
Ability to understand the meaning of the sound
Outer Ear
Made up of pinna and external auditory canal
Ossicles of middle ear
Malleus, incus, stapes
Muscles of middle ear
Stapedius and tensor tympani
Conductive mechanism
Outer ear and middle ear
Conductive hearing loss
Hearing loss that involves either the outer or middle ear
Sensorineural hearing loss
Hearing loss that involves the inner ear or auditory nerve
Inner ear
Made up of bony labyrinth and membranous labyrinth
Bony labyrinth (inner ear)
Made up of:
- bony cochlea
- bony vestibule
- bony semicircular canals
- perilymph (fluid)
Membranous labyrinth (inner ear)
Made up of:
- membranous cochlea (contains Organ of Corti)
- vestibular end organs (utricle, saccule, membranous semicircular canals)
- endolymph (fluid)
Auditory nerve (Cranial Nerve 8)
- Auditory and Vestibular branch
- afferent fibers (carry info from peripheral system to brain)
- efferent fibers (carry info from brain to peripheral system)
Sensorineural Mechanism
Inner ear and auditory nerve
Peripheral Auditory System
Outer ear + middle ear + inner ear + distal end of auditory nerve
Auditory Brainstem
- Nuclear centers
- Ascending and descending fibers
- Ipsilateral and contralateral fibers
Auditory Cortex
- Temporal and parietal lobes
- Corpus callosum
- Commissural networks
Central Auditory Nervous System
Auditory brainstem and auditory cortex
How man adults in the US have some degree of hearing loss?
20%
Frontal (coronal)
Front and back
