Intro of Head; Face and Scalp Flashcards
bone: completely surrounds the brain and some of the major sense organs
neurocranium
what does the neurocranium consist of?
1) basal bones
2) roofing bones
which part of the neurocranium contrains all of the major foramina of the skull?
basal bones
basal bones consist of:
- Ethmoid
- Temporal (petrous portion)
- Scaphoid
- Occipital
Roofing bones consist of:
- parietal
- frontal
- temporal (squamous portion)
bone: associated with feeding, respiration and communication; supports face and jaws
viscerocranium
viscerocranium consists of:
- Maxilla
- Mandible
- Palatine
- Zygomatic
- Vomer
- Inferior nasal concha
- lacrimal
- nasal
suture: b/w frontal and parietal bones
coronal
suture: b/w left and right parietal bones
sagittal
suture: separates the temporal bone from parietal bone
temporal (squamous)
suture: separates occipital from parietal (and temporal) bones
lamboid
suture: area sround a short suture b/w parietal bone and greater wing of sphenoid
pterion
what is very thick and protencts the neurocranium?
Scalp
layers of scalp proper
- Skin
- Connective tissue
- Apopneurosis
other compotents of scalp besides scalp proper
- Loose connective (areolar) tissue
- Pericranium
interconnections: spongy porous bone bw outer and inner cortical layers; usually found within roofing bones
Diploe
( ) channels travel within Diploe
venous
interconnection: connect scalp to inside neurocranium
emissary veins
3 major arteries involved with supply to head
1) vertebral artery
2) internal carotid
3) external carotid
artery supply: inside neurocranium
internal carotid and vertebral with minor contribution from middle meningeal
artery supply: outside neurocranium
branches of external carotid; superficial temporal and occipital
artery supply: outside of face
mainly facial branch of external carotid
artery supply: inside face
maxillary branch of external carotid; opthalamic branch of internal carotid does inside orbit
venous drainage: inside neurocranium
internal jugular
venous drainage: outside face
facial vein (usually trans into internal jugular) but system is complex with many interconnections
venous drainage: Danger area of face
1) facial vein
2) upper lip
3) bridge of nose
infection or thrombi from danger area of face can travel to ( ) from facial to opthalmic veins to cavernous sinus
cranial cavity
veins of the head lack what?
valves
superficial cervical lymph nodes located where the head meets the neck drain to where?
deep cervical lymph nodes, mainly under the SCM
provides sensory innervation to face and some motor to head
trigeminal nerve (V)
trigeminal: supplies oribital regions (forehead and anterior scalp, upper eyelid and dorsum of nose), anterosuperior nasal cavity
opthalamic (V1)
trigeminal: supplies upper jaw regions (lower eyelid, side of nose, upper lip and upper dentition), posteroinferior nasal cavity
Maxillary division (V2)
trigeminal: supplies lower jaw region including lower dentition, skin anterior to ear, some sensory to inside oral cavity; motor to muscles of mastication
mandibular division (V3)
( ) from cervical region provide sensory innervation to rest of head
dorsal or ventral primary rami
facial nerve controls openings of what 3 cavities of the head?
1) eye
2) nasal
3) oral
muscle: orbital part tightly closes eye; palpebral part for blinking
orbicularis oculi
muscle: closes mouth and puckers lips
orbicularis oris
muscle: compresses cheeks, helps keep food positioned bw occlusal surfaces of teeth for mastication, helps cheeks resist forces generated by blowing and sucking
buccinator
