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Cognitive Psychology > Intro, Neurons, and the Brain > Flashcards

Intro, Neurons, and the Brain Flashcards

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1
Q

Cognitive illusion

A

we are less good at making probability decisions than we think we are

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2
Q

change blindness

A

we dont notice changes in individuals that are in an out group from us

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3
Q

Cognitive psychology

A

the scientific study of the mind

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4
Q

Plato was a

A

rationalist/nativist ==> our sense can decieve us and we are born knowing everything

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5
Q

Aristotle

A

empiricist/experimentalist ==> we are born without knowledge

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6
Q

Descartes

A

rationalist/nativist

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7
Q

John Locke

A

empiricist/experimentalist ==> we are a blank slate

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8
Q

schwann cell

A

glial cell that surrounds the axon in the peripheral nervous system

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9
Q

myelin sheath

A

the part of the glia that prevents dissipation through the axon membrane (insulation)

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10
Q

oligodendrocytes

A

parts of the glia cell that surround the axon in the central nervous system

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11
Q

guillian barre syndrome

A

muscle weakness because the immune system attacks schwann cells and neurons lose transmission

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12
Q

miller fisher syndrome

A

when we see double because our immune system attacks glia cells ==> less transmission

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13
Q

part of neuron where information is received (excitation)

A

dendrites

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14
Q

summation of excitation for action potential generation

A

cell body and nucleus

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15
Q

action potential generation and propagation

A

axon and myelin sheath

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16
Q

information is sent

A

axon terminal

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17
Q

action potential

A

temporary shift from - to positive in neuron membrane (NA in and K out)

18
Q

depolarization

A

opening of sodium channels

19
Q

repolarization

A

negative internal space becomes negative again

20
Q

hyperpolarization

A

the cells are more negative than resting potention ==> fixed by ion channels and the sodium potassium pump

21
Q

synapses

A

site of transmission and connection between neurons

22
Q

neurotransmitters

A

chemical transmissions that carry information from pre-synaptic sending neurons to the post synaptic recieving cell

23
Q

what do drugs alter?

A

the synapses in our brains by reducing connections

24
Q

Characteristics of neurons

A

fast response, transportation of cargo over long distances, high energy demand, terminally differentiated

25
Q

sciatic nerve

A

longest nerve in the body from spinal cord base to our big toes

26
Q

cerebral cortex

A

the grey matter on the brain and outer 6 layers of nerve cells

27
Q

white matter

A

innery layer of the cerebrum due to myelin

28
Q

frontal lobe

A

responsible for cognitive/ perosnality changes and higher functioning as well as voluntary movements

29
Q

temporal lobe

A

responsible for memories and processing sensations related to memories

30
Q

parietal lobe

A

processes information from our senses

31
Q

occipital lobe

A

primarily vision

32
Q

insula

A

connects our body signals to our outside world

33
Q

visual agnosia

A

inability to recognize visually presented objects as whole

34
Q

hemispatial neglect

A

only perceiving information from half of the brain or one hemisphere

35
Q

somatoparaphrenia

A

delusion where one denies ownership of a limb

36
Q

corpus callosum

A

white matter fibers connecting the left and right brain hemispheres

37
Q

split brain

A

severing of the corpus callosum so hemispheres work independently

38
Q

left hemisphere

A

dominant for language and speech ==> comes from right side pictures

39
Q

right hemisphere

A

movement and drawing ==> comes from left visual field

40
Q

hydranencephaly

A

condition where the portions of the brains cerebral hemispheres are absent and filled with cranial fluid instead

41
Q

rasmussen syndrome

A

disruption of signaling from the right side of the brian

Cognitive Psychology (1 decks)

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