Intro, Meds, Exercise Flashcards
Test One topics
Four phases of cardiac rehab?
Phase I: Immediate Post-Procedure
Phase II: Monitored Exercise
Phase III: Maintenance
Phase IV: Community Maintenance
Phase I goal:
Prevent deconditioning secondary to bed rest and inactivity
Phase II goal:
Increase intensity and duration of exercise to facilitate return to work and previous activities.
Phase II timing:
Begins 2-6 weeks post-discharge
Duration 6-12 weeks, 3 times/week
Phase III goal:
Continue to improve aerobic capacity
Phase IV goal:
Promote health and adherence to exercise. Community based (YMCA, etc.)
Cardiac risk factors are defined as:
Conditions or co-morbidities that elevate one’s risk of developing CHD.
Non-modifiable risk factors: (3)
family history
age
gender
Modifiable risk factors:
HTN high cholesterol diabetes obesity inactivity smoking
Risk factors: Age - by gender:
Male > 45
Female > 55
Risk factors: Age as of event:
Male < 55
Female < 65
Criteria for HTN diagnosis?
Systolic > 140
Diastolic > 90
Pre-HTN criteria?
Systolic > 120
Diastolic > 80
Hyperlipidemia criteria: TC, LDL, HDL, Trig
TC > 200 mg/dl
LDL > 130 mg/dl
HDL < 40 mg/dl
Triglycerides > 200 mg/dl
BMI for obesity diagnosis?
BMI > 30
Diabetes Mellitus diagnosis criteria?
Fasting blood glucose > 126 two times
Exercise heart rate for stable angina?
At least 10 BPM below ischemic threshold.
Action of beta blockers?
HR and BP lower, less contractile force.
Lowers MVO2.
Effect of beta blockers on exercise?
Lowers resting and exercise HR
Lowers resting and exercise BP
Increases exercise capacity in anginal pts.
Benefits of calcium channel blockers (CCBs)?
Coronary and systemic vasodilation
Group 1 slows SA and AV conduction (non-dihydropyradines).
Group I CCBs (n-DHPs) effect on exercise:
Lowers resting and exercise HR
Lowers resting and exercise BP
Increases exercise capacity in anginal pts.
Group II CCBs (DHPs) effect on exercise:
Lowers resting and exercise BP
Increases exercise capacity in anginal pts.
Definition of exercise:
Planned, structured and repetitive bodily movement to improve or maintain one or more components of physical exercise.
Cardiorespiratory fitness
Ability to absorb, transport and use oxygen
Related to the ability to perform large muscle, continuous moderate-high intensity exercise for prolonged periods of time.
VO2 is a function of: (3)
HR
SV
arterial-venous oxygen differential
VO2 formula?
VO2 = HR * SV * (a-v)O2 diff
Characteristics of aerobic exercise: (4)
O2 supply meets demand
Fat main fuel source
Moderate intensity exercise
Oxidative metabolism dominant
Characteristics of anaerobic exercise: (4)
O2 demand exceeds supply
Glucose main fuel source
Strenuous or high intensity exercise
Non-oxidative, immediate metabolism dominant
Cardiovascular adaptations to regular aerobic exercise:
Lower resting and submax HR Lower resting and submax systolic BP Higher submax and max SV Higher a/v O2 differential Higher Max VO2 Lower submax MVO2
Benefits of exercise specific to CVD
Increases ischemic threshold for onset of symptoms (angina, ST depression, etc.)
When to supplement COPD with O2?
When O2 saturation falls below 88%.
Components of physical fitness: (5)
Body composition Flexibility Muscular endurance Muscular strength Cardiovascular fitness
