Intro Kinesiology FINAL

Question 1

What is Sport Psychology?

Answer 1

• The study of human thoughts, emotion and behavior in physical activity
• Theories & interventions to enhance performance, participation and personal growth

Question 2

Areas of Focus/ dimensions of participation in sport (sport psych)

Answer 2

• motivation
• personality
• violence
• leadership
• group dynamics

Question 3

Goals of sport psych know 2

Answer 3

1. Consistently create the ideal mental climate that enables athletes to perform at their best
2. Identify ways to manage competitive stress
3. Improve confidence and concentration
4. Increase communication skills and team harmony

Question 4

Interventions

Positive self-talk:

Answer 4

Process of eliminating negative thoughts, and promoting constructive ones

Question 5

What are two examples of interventions/positive self-talk?

Answer 5

Mental imagery and progressive muscle relaxation

Question 6

Mental imagery

Answer 6

Participant imagines performing specific tasks from first person perspective/“feel” of the activity and look of the activity

Question 7

Progressive muscle relaxation

Answer 7

Alternatively contracting and relaxing muscle groups/promotes relaxation and body awareness

Question 8

Importance of motivation

Answer 8

Considered to be the foundation of sport performance and achievement/dependent on internal (personal) and external factors

Question 9

Motivation is generally identified through…

Answer 9

Behavioral patterns

Question 10

Highly motivated individuals tend to:

Answer 10

• try hard
• seek out challenge
• persist through adversity

Question 11

Individuals not highly motivated tend to:

Answer 11

• hold back on training
• prefer to complete tasks that are easy
• contemplate quitting

Question 12

What are three types of motivation?

Answer 12

Amotivation, extrinsic motivation, intrinsic motivation

Question 13

Amotivation

Answer 13

No identifiable reasons for participation

Question 14

Intrinsic motivation

Answer 14

Participation is inspired by an inherent pleasure for the activity

Question 15

External regulation

Answer 15

Behavior is performed to receive external rewards

Question 16

Introjected regulation

Answer 16

Participation is driven by internal rewards/punishment

Question 17

Identified regulation

Answer 17

Participation is present, but it is not considered fun

Question 18

Individuals feel and act more motivated when:

Answer 18

1. They believe they have competence in the task

2. Believe they have some control in regard to participation

Question 19

Increasing motivation

Answer 19

Develop/ improve intrinsic motivation and improve self-efficacy

Question 20

Cause of burnout

Answer 20

Too much training stress and not enough recovery time/source of motivation

Question 21

Signs of burnout

Answer 21

• Feelings of mental, emotional and physical exhaustion

- drop/plateau in motivation and performance

Question 22

Preventing burnout

Answer 22

• parents, coaches, trainers, should promote participation in a variety of training/activities
• focus on quality of training instead of quantity
• important for the athlete to test when signs appear

Question 23

Therapeutic exercise

Answer 23

Utilization of exercise programs to improve motor function to a level that enables people to meet personal or career goals

Question 24

Sports medicine

Answer 24

Prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of athletic injuries

Question 25

Goals of therapeutic exercise know 2

Answer 25

1. Restore muscle function and strength
2. Increase joint range of motion
3. Improve proprioception (kinesthetic awareness/recognize where body is in space; modify)
4. Increase cardiovascular and pulmonary function

Question 26

Athletic trainer

Answer 26

• Professional who attends to the direct health care of athletes or others engaged in physical activity
• works under the supervision of a licensed physician

Question 27

Physical therapist

Answer 27

A professional who provides rehabilitative care to a diverse population with a wide range of injuries, illnesses, and diseases

Question 28

Therapy components

Answer 28

• diagnostic tests
• manual techniques
• therapeutic exercise
• modalities

Question 29

Occupational therapy

Answer 29

A professional who assists people with disabilities to restore or maintain independence in daily living

Question 30

OTs specialize in:

Answer 30

• functional bracing
• modification of everyday activities
• trade-specific and work-related rehabilitation

Question 31

Who could benefit from OT?

Answer 31

• children with disabilities
• those recovering from an injury
• elderly adults experiencing physical/cognitive changes

Question 32

OT vs. PT

Answer 32

OT: aimed at improving functional daily activities or “occupation”

PT: aimed T improving dysfunctions and treating a person’s injury with manual techniques

Question 33

Strength and conditioning specialist

Answer 33

• design resistance and cardiovascular training programs based on demands of specific sports
• may work together with ATCs, PTs, or doctors

Question 34

Strength and conditioning specialist Professional settings know 2

Answer 34

• universities
• health clubs
• professional teams
• corporate fitness

Question 35

Biomechanics

Answer 35

Study of the mechanical laws relating to the movement of or structure of living organisms

Uses concepts of physics

Question 36

Factors affecting human performance:

Answer 36

• sensations
• anatomy
• the environment
• prior experience

Question 37

Goals of biomechanics

Answer 37

Understand how the basic laws of physics affect and shape the structure and function of the human body

Question 38

Apply biomechanics knowledge to:

Answer 38

• improve the outcomes of movements

- increase or maintain the safety/health of tissues

Question 39

Biomechanics research focus

Answer 39

• center of gravity
• projection of the body or an object
• transfer of momentum

Question 40

Center of gravity

Answer 40

Average location of the weight of an object

Location or COG can vary from person to person

Question 41

Newton’s 1st law

Answer 41

Law of inertia: an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion remains in motion unless acted in by a force

Question 42

Newton’s 2nd law

Answer 42

Law of acceleration: acceleration is produced when a force (the action) acts on a mass

-the greater the mass, the greater the amount of force is needed

Question 43

Newton’s 3rd Law

Answer 43

Law of Action & Reaction: for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction

-when an object pushes another object it gets pushed back in the opposite direction with equal force

Question 44

Wolff’s Law

Answer 44

If enough force is applied to bones, and is done so rapidly, bone will be stimulated to increase mass

If no force is placed on bones, mass will be lost

Sprinters v. Long distance runners

Question 45

Ergonomist

Answer 45

Utilized principles of biomechanics to ensure the health, safety, and comfort of those in a given setting

• equipment development
• job site analysis

Question 46

What is basal metabolic rate (BMR)?

Answer 46

Amount of energy expended while at rest

Question 47

How many kcals are in carbohydrates?

Answer 47

4kcals/gram

Question 48

How many kcals are in fat?

Answer 48

9 kcals/gram

Question 49

How many kcals are in protein?

Answer 49

4 kcals/gram