Intro: Joint Structure and Function Flashcards
What kind of tissue is bone and what does it do?
connective
protects internal organs, provides rigid links, muscle attachments, and helps muscle activation
epiphysis
end of bone, growth plates
metaphysis
tapered area between epiphysis and diasphysis
diaphysis
shaft of bone
endosteum
inner layer of bone
cancellous bone
spongy bone
end of long bones, flat bones, and trabeculae
trabeculae are laid down in response to ______
stress
cortical bone
compact bone, dense, multiple layers, thin layer surrounding cancellous bone
periosteum
tough fibrous layer surrounding bone, vascular and innervated
two layers: outer (fibrous layers), inner (holds fibrous layer to bone)
sharpey’s fiber
pass through periosteum to attach ligaments and tendons directly onto bone
what kind of tissue is cartilage
connective
where is articular cartilage (hyaline)?
on joint surfaces, periosteum, becomes articular cartilage at the end of long bones
function of articular cartilage
distributes loads over wide area, prevents friction and wear, not innervated
where is fibrous cartilage found?
synovial joints (menisci, discs, labrum)
function of fibrous cartilage
provides stability, assists with load distribution
joint capsule
collagenous structure that encapsulates joints and contain movement
two layers of joint capsule
1) fibrous outer layer attached to periosteum
2)synovial membrane inner layer which produces synovial fluid, highly vascular and innervated, contains more cells and less collagen
plica
from fetal development
synovial membrane is broken into 3 compartments (sometimes they go away and sometimes they don’t)
what kind of tissue are ligaments and tendons
fibrous connective
what is a ligament
collagenous structure that attaches bone to bone
