Intro, History, And Tissues

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

“To Cut Up”
-structure of body parts, their forms and arrangements

Question 2

Kinesiology

Answer 2

-“discourse on movement”

Question 3

Movement

Answer 3

-underlying theme during the semester

Question 4

Levels of structure

Answer 4

-Elements
-cells for a tissue
-tissue forms and organ
-organ forms organ system
-organ system for organisms

Question 5

Framework

Answer 5

-bone
-ligament
-tendons

Question 6

Force producers

Answer 6

-muscles

Question 7

Triggers and sensors

Answer 7

-Nerves

Question 8

Energy delivery

Answer 8

-heart
-vessels
-lungs

Question 9

Particle anatomical

Answer 9

-knowledge used for survival

Question 10

Trepanation

Answer 10

Ritual

Question 11

Chinese used what?

Answer 11

Acupuncture and herbs for healing (3,000BC)

Question 12

Egyptians began what?

Answer 12

Enameling (mummies) (2,000BC)

Question 13

What was anatomy first accepted as in Greece?

Answer 13

Science (800 BC)

Question 14

Homer

Answer 14

-Greek author
-made detailed descriptions of battle wounds in the lilad
(They weren’t clean battle wounds)

Question 15

Hippocrates

Answer 15

-Greek physician
-Father of medicine
-Established sound principles of medical practice
-created the four humors

Question 16

What are the four humors?

Answer 16

-blood
-yellow bile
-phlegm
-black bile

Question 17

Aristotle

Answer 17

-Greek philosopher
-student of Plato
-movement observations
-comparative anatomy

Question 18

What did Aristotle think the heart and brain were to the body?

Answer 18

-heart: seat of intelligence
-brains: cools blood

Question 19

Galen

Answer 19

-1st physician to the gladiators
-writings in anatomy and physiology
-learned from animals that led to wrong assumptions
-perpetuated the four humors

Question 20

Leonardo de Vinci

Answer 20

-Italian polymath
-not limited to painting and sculpting

Question 21

Andreas Vesalius

Answer 21

-reformer of anatomy
-questions Galens theories

Question 22

X-Ray

Answer 22

-for bone mostly

Question 23

Ultrasonography

Answer 23

-uses high frequency sound waves, which reflect back to transducer
-different densities
-blood flow rates

Question 24

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Answer 24

-protons in tissue respond to pulse of radio waves while they are being magnetized
-different densities detected
-NO METAL NEAR

Question 25

computerized tomography (CT/CAT)

Answer 25

-x-ray beam moves in a circle around the body -this allows for many detailed views of the same organ or structure

Question 26

Positron emission tomography (PET)

Answer 26

-uses radioactive tracers Diagnostic tool: -Alzheimer’s disease -cancer -organ function -heart conditions -brain disorders

Question 27

Epithelial tissue

Answer 27

-covering and lining -protect and absorb and secret Ex: -skin -Digestive tract -organs -urethra -pleural cavities

Question 28

Connective tissue

Answer 28

-connects and protects -most abundant tissue -cells quite dispense -most common component is collagen

Question 29

Fascia

Answer 29

-enveloping sheaths -binds structures

Question 30

Bursa

Answer 30

-Pocket-like accumulations of fluid -found in regions where shock and friction are common

Question 31

Tendon

Answer 31

-connect muscle to bone -dense,parallel collagen -aponeuroses (flattened tendon)

Question 32

Ligament

Answer 32

-Bone to bone -dense parallel collagen eons tissue -All joints: intra vs extra-capsular

Question 33

Cartilage

Answer 33

-Fibers with jellylike subsatnce -framework is resistant to damage -hyaline vs fibrocartilage

Question 34

Bone

Answer 34

-Hardest of the connective tissues -matrix contains calcium and phosphorus which harden -does contain collagen

Question 35

Muscle tissues

Answer 35

-produces force

Question 36

Types of muscle tissues

Answer 36

-mouth -cardiac -skeletal

Question 37

Nervous tissue

Answer 37

-senses, integrates initiates actions -muscle cannot contract without nervous stimulation Two type of cells: neurons, neuroglia