Intro/Fundamentals/Pain Flashcards
What is the Anti-deformity (Intrinsic Plus) position?
Wrist in Neutral
IPs in Extension
MCP in Flexion
Thumb in Adduction w/ opposition
What is the importance of the anti-deformity position?
Maintains length in collateral ligaments
*counteracts the forces
vulnerable to shortening & muscle contractures
What is the difference between joint tightness vs muscle tightness?
Joint tightness: when PROM doesn’t change with repositioning of proximal/ distal JTS
Muscle tightness: joint PROM changes with reposition of adjacent jt that are crossed by musculotendinous unit
What is a lag?
PROM > AROM at given joint
What are causes to lags?
Scar Adhesions
Tear in musculotendinous unit
Weakness
What are contractures?
PROM is limited regardless of where proximal/distal are positioned
What are causes to contractures?
Delay in treatment
Ligament Tightness
Mechanical Block
What is tendon gliding?
help FDS and FDP to glide and help move the hands/fingers again, an
easy way to get someone moving especially for PIP/DIP contractures
When would you use blocking exercises?
isolating a movement to strengthen, reduce stiffness, or get more AROM
When would you use place & hold exercises?
help strengthen muscles via isometric contraction
When would you use resistive exercises?
for strengthening, to reduce adhesions and improve excursion, getting the tendon gliding/moving over each other
**must get clearance
What are the splint types?
Static: immobilization
- Purpose: protection, support, correction
Serial Static: applied with tissues at MAX length
- Purpose: accommodate soft tissue elongation to increase
Dynamic: static base with levels/pulleys/pulleys
- Purpose: increase ROM & mobilizing force
Static Progressive: similar to dynamic; uses non-elastic material
- Purpose: increase ROM & uses low-load prolonged stretch
What are the types of tendon gliding?
▪ Full fist = gets everything in a full glide on FDS and FDP
▪ Hook fist = gets best differential glide between FDS and FDP; move the
greatest distance between each other
▪ Straight fist = addresses FDS tendon
What is acute pain?
body’s warning system of impending/occurring tissue damage, chemical response to a stimulated nociceptor
▪ Pain that lasts for < 3M
▪ Closely associated to noxious stimulus
▪ Response varies
▪ Predictable characteristics
▪ Localized
▪ Easier to diagnose, treat, and deal with (compared to chronic pain)
**PAMs can effectively treat acute pain more than chronic pain
What is chronic pain?
lacks the biologic necessity of acute pain (still pain even when there is no impending/occurring tissue damage)
▪ Pain lasts for >3 M
▪ Dull, diffuse, poorly localized
▪ Leads to long-term loss of function
▪ Modalities have minimal effectiveness
▪ associated with – anguish, apprehension, depression, hopelessness
