INTRO: Body Systems Flashcards
What is anatomy?
The study of body structure
What is the study of body structure?
Relationship between structures of the body
What is gross anatomy?
Structures that can be examined without a microscope
What is histology?
Microscopic anatomy
Structure of tissues and their organization into organs
What are the levels of body organization?
Chemical or Molecular Level
Cellular Level
Tissue Level
Organ Level
Organ System Level
What are the three functions of the skeletal system?
Supports and protects tissues
Stores minerals
Site of blood formation
Which body parts are included in the axial skeleton?
Skull
Vertebral Column
Ribs
Sternum
Which body parts are included in the appendicular skeleton?
Pectoral Girdle
Pelvic Girdle
Limbs
What are the functions of the muscular system?
Generates locomotion
Provides support
Produces heat
Which body parts are included in the muscular system?
Appendicular muscles
Axial muscles
What are the functions of the integumentary system?
Protects against environmental hazards
Helps control body temperature
Which body parts are included in the integumentary system?
Hair
Epidermis & associated glands
Nails
What are the functions of the cardiovascular system?
Transports cells and dissolved materials
Regulates body temperature
Which body parts are included in the cardiovascular system?
Heart
Blood vessels
What are the functions of the lymphatic system?
Defends against infection and disease
Returns tissue fluid to blood stream
Which body parts are included in the lymphatic system?
Lymph nodes
Thymus
Spleen (stores immune cells)
Lymphatic vessels (small and fragile)
What are the functions of the nervous system?
Immediate response to stimuli
Integrates activities of organ system
Which body parts are included in the peripheral nervous system?
Nerves
Which body parts are included in the central nervous system?
Brain
Spinal cord
What are the functions of the endocrine system?
Long term regulation of other organ systems
What other system does the endocrine system work with?
Nervous system
Which body parts are included in the endocrine system?
Pituitary gland
Thyroid and parathyroid glands
Thymus gland
Pancreas
Adrenal glands
Gonads (ovaries and testes)
What are the functions of the respiratory system?
Exchanges gas between air and circulating blood
Which body parts are included in the respiratory system?
Nasal cavity and sinuses
Airways
Larynx
Lungs
Diaphragm
What are the functions of the digestive system?
Processes and absorbs nutrients
Which body parts are included in the digestive glands?
Salivary glands
Liver and gallbladder
Pancreas
Which body parts are included in the digestive tube?
Oral cavity
Esophagus
Stomach
Small and large intestine
Rectum
What are the functions of the urinary system?
Filters blood
Eliminates excess water, salts and waste products
Which body parts are included in the urinary system?
Urinary bladder
Urethra
Kidney
Ureter
What are the functions of the reproductive system?
Produces gametes and sex hormones
