Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Endocrine Pharm > Intro and Growth Hormone > Flashcards

Intro and Growth Hormone Flashcards

2
Q

What 4 things are the hormones of the anterior pituitary essential for?

A
  1. Regulating growth and development2. Stimulating the reproductive system3. Providing a response to stress4. Regulating intermediary metabolism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What regulates the release of anterior pituitary hormones?

A

Hypothalamus releasing hormones.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What inhibitory factors are released from the hypothalamus?

A
  1. Somatostatin (GH and TSH)2. Dopamine (Prolactin)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the three classes of pituitary hormones?

A
  1. Somatotropic2. Glycoprotein 3. Proopiomelanocortin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What hormones are in the somatotropic class?

A
  1. Growth hormone2. Prolactin
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What hormones are in the glycoprotein class?

A
  1. TSH2. LH3. FSH(same alpha subunit, different beta subunits)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What hormones are in the proopiomelanocortin subgroup?

A
  1. ACTH2. MSH
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Why are measurements of growth hormone relatively meaningless?

A

Because growth hormone is secreted in a pulsatile fashion, therefore, there is a wide range of GH concentrations over the course of the day.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What factor helps medicate the effects of growth hormone?

A

IGF-1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What effect will blood glucose have on growth hormone secretion?

A

Hypoglycemia stimulates growth hormone secretion.Hyperglycemia inhibits growth hormone secretion.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How does one test for GH deficiency?

A

By injecting insulin and measuring the GH response. (Insulin should cause hypoglycemia which should stimulate GH secretion)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are some possible etiologies of GH deficiency?

A

Genetic deficiencyBreech/traumatic birth that damages the Anterior pituitary.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What will a newborn look like that has GH deficiency?

A

A newborn with GH deficiency will be normal size because GH does not effect prenatal growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the symptoms and signs of adult GH deficiency?

A
  1. Obesity2. Decreased muscle mass3. Decreased Cardiac output
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Growth hormone binding activates what signal transduction pathway?

A

JAK2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are the actions of Growth hormone?

A
  1. Decreased insulin sensitivity2. Increased lipolysis3. Increased protein synthesis4. Increased growth at the epiphyseal growth plate5. Increased IGF-1
18
Q

What are the actions of IGF-1?

A
  1. Increased protein synthesis2. Increased growth at the epiphyseal growth plate
19
Q

Other than GH deficiency what disorders can be treated with exogenous growth hormone?

A

Growth hormone can be used in adults to decrease mortality from cardiovascular disease and AIDS-associated wasting (cachexia).

20
Q

In children when is growth hormone treatment most effective?

A

Treatment is most effective in the first two years. Although treatment should be continued until growth stops.

21
Q

GH exhibits what adverse effects in children?

A
  1. intracranial HTN2. visual disturbances3. headache, N/V4. Leukemia
22
Q

What effects does GH exhibit in adults?

A
  1. Increased muscle and bone2. decreased fat3. peripheral edema4. Carpal tunnel5. arthralgia/myalgia
23
Q

What are the three exogenous growth hormones that can be given?

A
  1. Somatropin2. Somatrem3. Semorelin
24
Q

What is unique about Somatropin?

A

Nothing!It is just generic hGH

25
Q

What is unique about Somatrem?

A

Somatrem is GH with an additional methionine.

26
Q

What is unique about Semorelin acetate?

A

Semorelin acetate is the first 29 aa of hGHRH used for the diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency. It has been discontinued.

27
Q

Imagine you are a baseball player with dreams of beating Barry Bond’s single season home run record. You have decided to augment your normal regimen of anabolic steroids with hGH. Which growth hormone supplement should you probably take and why?

A

Semorelin would be a good choice because it usually doesn’t show up on drug tests.

28
Q

What does growth hormone excess lead to?

A
  1. Gigantism (in children)2. Acromegaly ( in adults)
29
Q

What is the best treatment for GH excess?

A

Surgery is the best treatment for GH excess

30
Q

What is Octreotide?

A

Octreotide is a somatostatin analog.

31
Q

What sorts of adverse effects are associated with Octreotide?

A

GI disturbances.

32
Q

What is Lanreotide?

A

Another somatostatin analog.

33
Q

What is Pegvisomant?

A

Pegvisomant is a GH receptor antagonist

34
Q

For what is pegvisomant used?

A

Pegvisomant is used clinically to treat acromegaly.

35
Q

You have a patient that has the signs and symptoms of GH deficiency. However, treatment with growth hormone does not seem to be working. What is a possible alternative diagnosis?

A

IGF-1 deficiency. They usually also have a deficiency of IGFBP as well.

36
Q

What is the treatment for IGF-1 deficiency?

A

Mecasermin - hIGF-1/hIGFBP-3 complex.

Endocrine Pharm (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions