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Bio Lecture Exam 1 > Intro and Chapter 1 > Flashcards

Intro and Chapter 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

This cell has a true nucleus

A

eukaryotic cell

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2
Q

This cell has a nucleus and membranous organelles

A

eukaryotic cell

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3
Q

Animal cells/plant cells/fungi/protozoa fall into this cell category

A

eukaryotic cell

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4
Q

This cell has no true nucleus

A

prokaryotic cell

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5
Q

DNA is found on the chromosome or a chromosome in the cytoplasm of this cell

A

prokaryotic cell

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6
Q

This cell does not contain membranous organelles

A

prokaryotic cell

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7
Q

This cell is unique to bacteria and archaea

A

prokaryotic cell

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8
Q

Single-celled prokaryotic organism

A

Bacteria

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9
Q

Cells that lack polysaccharide, peptidoglycan in their cell walls

A

Archaea cells

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10
Q

Can grow in extreme environments

A

Archaea cells

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11
Q

Ribosomes are the only organelles in this cell

A

Bacteria

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12
Q

Not major players in human disease

A

Archaea cells

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13
Q

Cell membrane of bacteria is made primarily of…?

A

phospholipids in a bilayer structure (no cholesterol)

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14
Q

3 functions of bacteria cell walls:

A

1) Maintain cell shape
2) protect against osmotic shock
3) anchors the flagella

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15
Q

Composed of repeating sugars

A

Peptidoglycan

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16
Q

Peptidoglycan chains are held together by short protein compose of only ___

A

4 amino acids

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17
Q

Fungi (eukarya) may be single-celled called:

A

yeasts

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18
Q

Fungi (eukarya) may be multicellular-cells called:

A

molds

19
Q

Eukaryotic cells that are HETEROTROPHIC require…?

A

Require outside source for energy/ATP

20
Q

Fungal diseases that might involve respiratory tract, the skin, or even cause systemic infection are called

A

Mycoses

21
Q

Unicellular organisms that cuase a number of GI diseases

A

Protozoa

22
Q

Multicellular worms

A

Helminths (ex: tapeworms, flukes, roundworms)

23
Q

The Spontaneous Generation (abiogenesis) theory states taht:

A

Living organisms came from non-living material

24
Q

Credited with observing the first live microorganisms

A

Leeuwenhoek

25
Q

Leeuwenhoek described microorganisms as

A

animalcules

26
Q

Who emphasized the importance of hand-washing?

A

Semmelweis

27
Q

Who started to clean instruments and practice aseptic surgery?

A

Lister

28
Q

This person developed a flask where air could enter but microorganisms could not

A

Pasteur

29
Q

This person coined the term “cell” by using a crude microscope

A

Robert Hooke

30
Q

Discovered that bacteria caused diseases

A

Koch

31
Q

Performed the first vaccination using cowpox to fight smallpox

A

Jenner

32
Q

Discovered penicillin from mold

A

Fleming

33
Q

Proteinacious agents that cause a number of neurodegenerative diseases such as Creutzfeld-Jacob disease and Mad Cow disease are called…

A

Prions

34
Q

The group of unicellular, eukaryotic organisms that are typically heterotrophic and lack a cell wall are often referred to as…

A

Protozoa

35
Q

Tapeworms belong to which group?

A

Animals

36
Q

Using the Binomial System of Nomenclature, which of the following is a species name?

  • Escherichia
  • Coli
  • Amoeba
  • Escherichia coli
A

Coli

37
Q

The process of using microbes to destroy dangerous chemicals and pollution in the environment is called

A

bioremediation

38
Q

Acellular, non-living agents consisting of a protein coat that surrounds a nucleic acid core are called…

A

Viruses

39
Q

Which of the following are ways that prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes?

  1. They usually are much smaller.
  2. They lack a nuclear envelope.
  3. Most have a cell wall made of peptidoglycan.
  4. They lack mitochondria and other membrane-bound organelles.
  5. They lack a cytoskeleton.
A

All are true

40
Q

Definition of mycology:

A

Study of fungi

41
Q

Definition of bacteriology:

A

Study of bacteria

42
Q

Definition of parasitology:

A

Study of parasites and its diseases

43
Q

Definition of virology:

A

Study of viruses and its diseases

Bio Lecture Exam 1 (1 decks)

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