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Nephrology > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

initial filtering component, ultra filtrate of plasma

A

renal corpuscle

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2
Q

Loop of Henle function

A

Main function: create concentration gradient in the medulla

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3
Q

main function of PCT

A

reabsorption

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4
Q

the DCT is under

A

hormonal control (PTH/aldosterone)

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5
Q

descending loop

A

water resorption

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6
Q

ascending loop

A

ions (NaCl)

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7
Q

Contain intercalated cells

Responsible for acid/base homeostasis

A

connecting/collecting duct

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8
Q

alpha cells secrete

beta cells secrete

A

Alpha: secrete (acid H+), reabsorb bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Beta: secrete bicarbarbonate, reabsorb H+

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9
Q

Regulates functions of each nephron, renal blood flow and GFR

A

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

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10
Q

granular cells secrete

A

renin

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11
Q

monitor NaCl concentration and adjusts GFR accordingly

A

macula densa

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12
Q

RAAS

A

a. Renin (kidney) + Angiotensinogen (liver) = Angiotensin I
b. Angiotensin I + ACE (lungs)= Angiotensin II
C. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, and causes release of aldosterone causing Na and H20 retention

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13
Q

Useful guide to determine overall kidney function- patients with kidney disease can still have normal

A

GFR= (urine concentration x urine flow)/ plasma concentration
Normal: 120 ml/min (male) and 100 ml/min (female) (150-250 L/24 hours)

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14
Q

( ) helps concentrate urine

A

medulla, loop of henle

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15
Q

KUB is used for

A

bowel pathology

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16
Q

pt complains of renal colic, which study to get?

A

non-contrast CT

17
Q

renal scintography is used for

A

pts that are candidates for kidney transplant

18
Q

( ) is diagnostic and therapeutic

A

renal angiogram

19
Q

prevents from getting stones in the future bc it dilutes calcium in the urine which makes it harder to form stones

A

thiazide diuretics

20
Q

infectious stones are

A

struvite

proteus, klebsiella, staph, mycoplasma

21
Q

stone size treatment

A

<6 mm will pass
7-15 lithotripsy
>15 sx

22
Q

microalbumineamia is hallmark of

A

DM

23
Q

hyaline casts

A

normal

24
Q

cysteine

A

acidic urine

radiolucent

25
Q

MCC UTI

A

E.Coli

Nephrology (3 decks)

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