Intro Flashcards
initial filtering component, ultra filtrate of plasma
renal corpuscle
Loop of Henle function
Main function: create concentration gradient in the medulla
main function of PCT
reabsorption
the DCT is under
hormonal control (PTH/aldosterone)
descending loop
water resorption
ascending loop
ions (NaCl)
Contain intercalated cells
Responsible for acid/base homeostasis
connecting/collecting duct
alpha cells secrete
beta cells secrete
Alpha: secrete (acid H+), reabsorb bicarbonate (HCO3-)
Beta: secrete bicarbarbonate, reabsorb H+
Regulates functions of each nephron, renal blood flow and GFR
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
granular cells secrete
renin
monitor NaCl concentration and adjusts GFR accordingly
macula densa
RAAS
a. Renin (kidney) + Angiotensinogen (liver) = Angiotensin I
b. Angiotensin I + ACE (lungs)= Angiotensin II
C. Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, and causes release of aldosterone causing Na and H20 retention
Useful guide to determine overall kidney function- patients with kidney disease can still have normal
GFR= (urine concentration x urine flow)/ plasma concentration
Normal: 120 ml/min (male) and 100 ml/min (female) (150-250 L/24 hours)
( ) helps concentrate urine
medulla, loop of henle
KUB is used for
bowel pathology
pt complains of renal colic, which study to get?
non-contrast CT
renal scintography is used for
pts that are candidates for kidney transplant
( ) is diagnostic and therapeutic
renal angiogram
prevents from getting stones in the future bc it dilutes calcium in the urine which makes it harder to form stones
thiazide diuretics
infectious stones are
struvite
proteus, klebsiella, staph, mycoplasma
stone size treatment
<6 mm will pass
7-15 lithotripsy
>15 sx
microalbumineamia is hallmark of
DM
hyaline casts
normal
cysteine
acidic urine
radiolucent
MCC UTI
E.Coli
