Intro Flashcards
Define each of the following:
- neoplasia
- hyperplasia
- hypertrophy
Neoplasia: new growth, abnormal proliferation of cells in a tissue or organ (aka tumor)
Hyperplasia: proliferation of cells within an organ that may result in gross enlargement in response to a physiological stimulus
*remains under normal regulatory control mechanisms
Hypertrophy: increase in cell size
Define each of the following:
- dysplasia
- carcinoma “in situ”
- Invasive carcinoma
- metaplasia
Dyspasia: early form of precancerous transformation detected in a bx or pap smear
Carcinoma in situ: “cancer in place,” cells have lost their tissue identity, growth is rapid and without regulation
*remains localized to a specific area or organ
Invasive Carcinoma: invadding beyond the orginal tissue layer or location. May be able to spread to another part of the body (metastasize)
Metaplasia: changes in response to chronic physical or chemical irritation such as cigarette smoking that causes the mucus secreting ciliated epithelium to be replaced with simple squamous epithelium
What is the MC cancer in men? women? (excluding skin cancer)
WHat type of cancer causes the most deaths each year in men and women?
Which cancer is most deadly?
In terms of prevention how can we best help our patients?
WHen would a pt be a candidate for palliative care? Who handles this? is this different from hospice?
What is the MC cause of preventable cancer death?
MC CA:
- women = breast CA
- men = prostate
Lung CA causes most deaths each year in both men and women
Most deadly/lowest survial rate = pancreatic
Prevention: smoking cessation, exercise, nutrition, alcohol consumption, weight management, excess sun exposure, decrease medical radiation
May be early in their dz although it is usually late, can depend upon the amount of pain the pt is experiencing. Involves a multidisciplinary team, often handled by oncologist. Hospice and palliative care have a lot of overlap.
MC cause of preventable CA death is SMOKING!!!
