Intro Flashcards
Definition of physiology.
The function of the body parts studied in anatomy
T/F
All specific functions are performed by specific structures.
True
Define superficial anatomy.
Anatomical landmarks and correct directional terms help in understanding the underlying structures.
Define anatomical position.
Standing upright, arms at sides, palms facing forwards (little fingers by the thigh), feet flat on the floor, face straight ahead.
Define supine.
Lying down with the face up
**supine as the word up in it.
Define prone.
Lying down with the face down.
What’s in the right upper quadrant?
Liver, gallbladder, right kidney, small and large intestines.
What’s in the left upper quadrant?
Stomach and spleen
What’s in the left lower quadrant?
Urinary bladder
What’s in the right lower quadrant?
Appendix
What quadrant is the stomach in?
Left upper quadrant.
T/F
The liver is in the right lower quadrant.
False. The liver is in the right upper quadrant.
T/F
The appendix is in the right lower quadrant.
True
Define proximal.
Closer to the body.
Define distal.
Away from the body
Define cranial.
Closer to the upper part of body.
Define caudal.
Closer to the lower part of the body.
Define lateral.
Away from the midline.
Define medial.
Toward the midline.
T/F
Your hands are more caudal to the body than cranial.
True
Define posterior.
The back. Behind.
Define anterior.
The front.
T/F
Your toes are more proximal to the body.
False. They are more distal.
T/F
Your eyes are more medial than your ears.
True
Definition of anatomy
Study of external and internal structures and the physical relationships between the parts.
Anatomy is the careful observation of the human body
Define frontal or coronal plane.
Section separates anterior and posterior portions of the body.
Define sagittal plane.
Section separates right and left portions.
Define midsagittal.
Dividing body in the middle. Having two equal parts
Define transverse plane.
Section separates superior and inferior potions of the body.
Name the 2 body cavities.
Thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity.
What’s located in the thoracic cavity?
Lungs and heart.
What’s located in the abdominopelvic cavity?
Abdomen and pelvis
What structure separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity?
The diaphragm
Both cavities have a lining of what connective tissue?
Visceral or parietal
What’s the lining that covers the heart?
Visceral pericardium.
Define microscopic anatomy.
Fine anatomy. Defined as structures that can not be seen without magnification.
Define macroscopic anatomy.
Gross anatomy. Study of structures visible to the unaided eye.
Name the 4 elements in the body.
Hydrogen
Oxygen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Name the 4 molecules the body is made up of.
Water
Proteins
Lipids
Carbohydrates
What are the 4 levels of organization?
Cells- smallest living units
Tissues- many cells and some surrounding material
Organs- combinations of tissues
Organ systems- organs combined
Organ systems vital properties are?
Responsiveness Growth and differentiation Reproduction Movement Metabolism *anabolism *catabolism **absorption **respiration **excretion **digestion
Define homeostasis.
The maintenance of a constant internal environment suitable for the survival of body cells and tissues.
Name all the organ systems.
Integumentary (skin) Skeletal (bones) Muscular (muscles) Nervous (brain and spine) Endocrine Cardiovascular (heart) Lymphoid Respiratory (lungs) Digestive (stomach) Urinary (bladder) Reproductive (testes/ovaries)
