Intro Flashcards
What is phylogeny?
Measures evolutionary rships between organisms
Through genome sequencing
Determined by similarities and differences in gene base sequences
What is taxonomy?
Organism classification based on shared characteristics.
Hierarchical
Gram positive
Purple
Gram negative (colour)
Pink
Autotrophs (carbon source?)
From CO2
Heterotrophs (carbon source?)
From organic compounds
Which target sequence is used for phylogeny?
16s rRNA. (From small ribosomal subunit)
Why is said target sequence for phylogeny used?
In ALL Living things
& evolves SLOWLY. Good crinometer
Similarities between bacteria and archaea
Morphology
Binary fission
Motile by flagella
Why are archaea lysozyme insensitive
No beta 1-4 link in peptidoglycans
Archaea have peptidoglycans? T/F
False
Some have pseudopeptidoglycan
Archaea have different shaped 70s ribosome? T/F
True
Enterobacteriacae gram stain?
Negative
Enterobacteriacae oxidase test?
Oxidase negative
Mother to newborn E.coli strain
Ecoli K1
Parenteral route for infection
Directly onto tissues beneath skin
Insect bite/surgery/injections or wounds
Example of Enterobacteriacae transferred through parenteral route
Yersinia Pestis
Enterobacteriacae that takes a respiratory route for infection
Pneumonic plague
Yersina pestis
Example of an endogenous Enterobacteriacae that causes UTI
UPEC
Examples of Enterobacteriacae that cause GI tract infection through ingestion of contaminated food/water
Salmonella
Ecoli [O157:H7]
O antigen is….
SOMATIC
Lipopolysaccharide
H antigen is…
Flagella
K antigen is…
Capsule
Method used for serotyping
Agglutination in culture between antibody (on a panel) & antigen (on bacteria)
What is pyelonephritis
Upper urethra infection
Kidney involvement
Fever. Serious.
UPEC can be present as asymptomatic? T/F?
True
Which Ecoli strains cause GI infections?
Enterovirulent Ecoli strains
Eg EHEC
What is the major virulence factor in the Ecoli strain that causes neonatal meningitis?
K-1 antigen
Capsule
Which Ecoli strain produces an AE lesion and shiva like toxins
EHEC
enterohaemorrhagic Ecoli
Which Ecoli strain can cause haemorrhagic colitis?
EHEC
O157:H7
Condition developed from EHEC which involves acute renal failure, & is often fatal.
Haemolytic ureamic syndrome
What serves as the natural reservoir for EHEC?
Cattle
