Intro

Question 1

What is social responsibility?

Answer 1

ethical or ideological theory that an entity whether it is a government, corporation, organization or individual has a responsibility to society

Question 2

Real world example (O’Connor et al. (2020)

Answer 2

Pressing need is to research the negative biopsychosocial impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic to facilitate immediate and longer-term recovery, not only in relation to mental health

Also in relation to behaviour change and adherence, work, education, children and families, physical health and the brain, and social cohesion and connectedness.

Question 3

Climate change

Answer 3

A whole ‘science’: climate science is the study of regional and global climate as a system

Driven by a need to understand how our climate is changing

High CO2 affecting global temperatures

Question 4

Dangerous changes to climate systems

Answer 4

• Melting sea ice
• Sea level rise
• North Atlantic drift shutdown
• Tropical forest fires
• Emissions from wetlands
• Extreme temperatures

Question 5

Impacts on human and natural systems

Answer 5

• Coasts and oceans
• Ecosystems and biodiversity
• Fresh water
• Agriculture and food security
• Human health
  Bangladesh experiencing this as there are floods, (Moniruzzaman, 2012)

Question 6

Environmentalism

Answer 6

A social movement that seeks to influence the political process by lobbying, activism, and education to protect resources and ecosystems
Environmental protection through sustainability

Question 7

Environmentalism in 1970s:

Answer 7

• Emergence of nature-related topics - e.g., how spending time in nature restores people’s ability to pay attention and cope with stress (Berman, Jonides, & Kaplan, 2008; Gifford, 2014)
• Concerns about pollution

Question 8

Environmentalism in 1990s

Answer 8

Ecopsychologists
* (some) clinicians incorporated ecopsychological therapies into their practices
* Argued that modern living erodes people’s connection to nature, leaving them developmentally deprived and psychologically distressed (Roszak, 1992; Roszak, Gomes, & Kanner, 1995)

Question 9

Conservation Psychology (Clayton & Saunders, 2012)

Answer 9

Modern day:
* interactive relationships between humans and the rest of nature
* focus on applying psychological theory and research to enhance conservation of natural resources

Question 10

Conservation psychology (Koger & Scott, 2016) : Bad for planet

Answer 10

• global warming is widely recognized as the ‘‘biggest global health threat of the twenty-first century” (Costello et al., 2009, p. 1693)
• chemical pollutants linked to birth defects
• Epidemic prevalence of mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, and substance use/abuse
• possibly due to psychological disconnection from the natural world (Conn, 1998; Roszak et al., 1995)

Question 11

Conservation psychology (Koger & Scott, 2016): Good for the planet

Answer 11

· ‘‘sustainable’’ practices including experiences in natural settings promote healthy child development
Examples such as air quality; physical activity; social cohesion

Question 12

Hartig, Mitchell, deVries & Frumkin (2014)

Answer 12

Relevance and timeliness of integrating psychology and sustainability
* Psychologists are increasingly applying their expertise to environmental issues
* APA has called for psychologists to become more involved in addressing climate change

Question 13

How does Psychology solve contemporary social problem?

Answer 13

• we have a shared responsibility to help create a more sustainable society (Harré, 2011)
• ‘right’ to apply the accumulated wisdom from the behavioural sciences to solving contemporary social problems

Question 14

Concepts and theories

Answer 14

Shifting baseline syndrome (SBS; Soga & Gaston, 2018 )- gradual change in the accepted norms for the condition of the natural environment due

Question 15

Consequences

Answer 15

High societal tolerance for progressive environmental degradation

Alters people’s expectations as to what is a desirable

Setting of inappropriate targets for environmental conservation, restoration and management programs

Question 16

Can you overcome consequences?

Answer 16

Restoration of the natural environment; education

Lower extinction of experience; more data

Question 17

The role of emotion

Answer 17

Brechin, 2003) –> Public apathy on global warming–> significant concern

Source of information and an impetus for social action

• “Collective avoiding” as the social organization of denial

Play a key role in denial, providing much of the reason why people preferred to avoid information.

Question 18

Helplessness vs. solutions (Their & Lin, 2022)

Answer 18

Research shows media are public primary info source about risks and crises (Their & Lin, 2022)

traditional climate change journalism fails to empower audiences to press for solutions (Hackett et al., 2017)

coverage of climate change typically describes unconnected episodes and overemphasizes disasters
limited mention of “agency, hope and efficacy”

Question 19

Solutions focused messaging

Answer 19

• social cognitive theory of mass communication áindividuals’ self-efficacy
• perceived self-efficacy by modelling human behaviour; influence people incentive to act (Bandura, 2001)
• aims to focus on the response and its development to social problems.

Their and Lin (2022): 352 students randomly allocated to read either a ‘problem’ orientated a solutions focused article

Question 20

Anchoring and Adjustment

Answer 20

Tversky and Kahneman (1974): people’s judgments are adjusted in relation to implicit reference points (anchors)

Question 21

Radical Activism

Answer 21

may be an extreme position on the activism spectrum (i.e. an anchor) that helps to make the less radical positions seem more moderate

Question 22

False Polarization

Answer 22

Tend to perceive the views of those on the opposing side of a partisan debate as more extreme than they really are; to perceive opponents as more susceptible to biased thinking than we are; and to attribute negative motives to those on the opposing side of a debate (Pronin, Gilovich, & Ross, 2004)
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