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phy > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

What is Earth Science?

A

The study of Earth’s structure, properties, processes, and biotic evolution

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2
Q

What is the purpose of Earth Science?

A

-the structure, composition, and evolution
- the life it supports
-the processes that govern the formation and behavior of Earth’s minerals

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3
Q

What are Earth’s Spheres

A

-Geosphere
-Hydrosphere
-Atmosphere
-Bioshere

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4
Q

What is Geoshpere?

A

Earth’s interior rocks and minerals, landforms and the processes that shape the Earth’s surface

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5
Q

What’s Earth’s actual shape

A

Oblate spheroid

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6
Q

What is a Hydrosphere?

A

the total amount of water on a planet

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7
Q

What are examples of a planet’s hydrosphere?

A

liquid, vapor, or ice

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8
Q

Examples of liquid water

A

oceans, lakes, and rivers

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9
Q

Examples of underground water

A

in wells and aquifers

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10
Q

Examples of water vapor

A

clouds and fog

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11
Q

Examples of Earth’s hydrosphere made of ice

A

glaciers, ice caps, and icebergs

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12
Q

What’s the cryosphere

A

frozen part of the hydrosphere

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13
Q

What’s the biosphere

A

area around the planet Earth where life exists

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14
Q

What is the atmosphere made up of?

A

78% Nitrogen
21% Oxygen
1% Gases

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15
Q

What are the 5 layers of the atmosphere?

A

Exosphere
Thermosphere
Mesoshphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere

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16
Q

What did Theodore von Karman create?

A

clear-cut separation of the fields of aeronautics and astronauts

17
Q

What does the lower atmosphere do?

A

most weather phenomena occur in the troposphere and lower stratosphere, by absorbing harmful radiation

18
Q

What does the upper atmosphere do?

A

protect our planet by absorbing harmful radiation

19
Q

What are the four primary layers of the upper atmosphere

A

upper stratosphere
mesosphere
thermosphere
exosphere

20
Q

What did Robert Boyle invent

A

barometer to predict the weather

21
Q

What is the biosphere?

A

regions of the surface, atmosphere, and hydrosphere of the earth occupied by living organisms

22
Q

What is Natural Selection?

A

the process by which traits become more or less common in a population due to consistent effects upon the survival or reproduction of their bearer (evolution)

23
Q

What are the four factors of natural selection?

A
  • Inheritance of traits from one generation to the next and variations in traits (genetic variability)
    -Environmental Variability
    -Differential reproduction that varies within the environment
    -Influence of the environment on survival and reproduction
24
Q

What are the steps of the scientific method?

A

-Make an observation
-ask a question
-hypothesis, gather data
-examine test results and form conclusion
-report findings

phy (3 decks)

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