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MICRO > Intro > Flashcards

Intro Flashcards

1
Q

A person who harbors the etiologic agent but no apparent signs/symptoms of disease

A

Carrier

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2
Q

The origin of the etiologic agent/location

A

Reservoir

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3
Q

A living entity that transmits the etiologic agent

A

Vector

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4
Q

A non-living entity that is contaminated with the etiologic agent

A

Vehicle (Fomite)

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5
Q

A larger than normal number of diseased or infected individuals that occurs over a relatively short period

A

Outbreak

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6
Q

A larger than normal number of diseased or infected individuals in a particular location

A

Epidemic

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7
Q

How many components are there in the chain of infection?

A

(1) Microorganism
(2) Reservoir/Source
(3) Port of Exit
(4) Means of Transport
(5) Port of Entry
(6) Susceptible Host

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8
Q

Major enzyme of EMP glycolytic pathway

A

Pyruvate

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9
Q

Major enzyme of Pentose Phosphate Pathway

A

G6PD

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10
Q

Primary physical barrier

A

Skin

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11
Q

Laboratory-based characterization of etiologic agents esp for VIRUSES

A

Strain Typing

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12
Q

Measurable indications or physical observations (objective)

A

Signs

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13
Q

Indicators as described by the patient (subjective)

A

Symptoms

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14
Q

Asymptomatic; time from acquiring infection to having the first signa & symptoms

A

Incubation period

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15
Q

The relative ability of a microorganism to cause disease/the degree of pathogenicity

A

Virulence

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16
Q

Other names of Hyaluronidase

A

Spreading Factor
Duran-Reynal Factor

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17
Q

Released when gram (-) cell is destroyed & the effect is uniform

A

Endotoxin (Lipid A)

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18
Q

Toxin (acquired through transduction) that is produced & released by LIVING bacteria where the effect is specific

A

Exotoxin

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19
Q

Most potent toxin

A

Botulinum toxin

20
Q

Test that detects gram (-) endotoxin results to clumping

A

Limulus Lysate Test

21
Q

Who is responsible for the exposure control plan?

A

Microbiology supervisor & Laboratory director

22
Q

Responsible for the post-exposure investigation

A

Microbiology supervisor & Laboratory safety officer

23
Q

Purpose of flaming the wire loop

A

Sterilization & avoid over inoculation

24
Q

What type of filter will give you 100% bacterial sterility?

A

Millipore (0.22 um) membrane filter

25
Q

Type of filter that removes organisms > 0.3 um (present in BSCs)

A

High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA)

26
Q

Type of sterilization for prion infections

A

Incineration

27
Q

Type of radiation used for sterilization

A

Ionizing Radiation (Gamma rays)

28
Q

How to sterilize evacuated test tubes & maintain its pressure inside?

A

Ionizing Radiation (Gamma Rays)

29
Q

Most common chemical sterilant

A

Ethylene glycol (ETO)

30
Q

Sterilize HEPA Filters in BSCs

A

VAPOR (Forma & H2O2)

31
Q

Sterilize spores & bronchoscopes

A

Glutaraldehyde

32
Q

Sterilize surfaces & surgical instruments

A

Peracetic acid

33
Q

Process where it only kills pathogens

A

Disinfection (anti-septic)

34
Q

Process that kills ALL organisms (including normal flora)

A

Sterilization

35
Q

Type of disinfection that uses long wavelength & low energy UV rays

A

Non-ionizing Radiation

36
Q

Gold standard disinfectant

A

Phenol

37
Q

Most common disinfectant

A

10% Sodium hypochlorite

38
Q

BSC that recirculates 70% air

A

Class II A

39
Q

BSC that doesn’t recirculate air

A

Class II B

40
Q

BSC that has a vertical laminar flow

A

Class II

41
Q

Routinely used BSC in the laboratory

A

Class II A

42
Q

BSC used for COVID 19

A

Class II A+

43
Q

BSC that provides the highest level of safety dues its system being entirely closed

A

BSC III

44
Q

BSC that recirculates 30% air

A

Class II B

45
Q

BSC not applied to volatile radio nucleotides/toxic chemicals

A

Class II A

46
Q

BSC used for carcinogens

A

Class II B

MICRO (3 decks)

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