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Qualitative methoods > intro > Flashcards

intro Flashcards

1
Q

What are the goals of scientific method?

A
  1. describe
  2. explain
  3. predict
  4. control behavior
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2
Q

Explain Description

A

observing and describing patterns. Who, What, Why so on.

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3
Q

Explain Prediction

A

Predicting what will happen in the future.

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4
Q

Explain Identifying causes

A

what causes behavior’s

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5
Q

Explain Explaining

A

theories of why things happen, and what is associated with what.

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6
Q

Goals of qualitative research?

A

Description
Prediction
Identify causes
Explaining

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7
Q

where do scientific ideas come from?

A

common sense
observations’
theories
past research

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8
Q

What are the 5 types of quantitative studies?

A

Case studies
Naturalistic observations
Surveys
Correlational studies
Experimental studies

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9
Q

what is the scientific process?

A
  1. question
  2. Hypothesis
  3. define variables
  4. Test hypothesis
  5. analyze data
  6. Report findings
  7. More research and theory
  8. New hypothesis from derived theory’s
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10
Q

Two functions of theory?

A
  1. Organizes and explains various specific facts or descriptions of behaviors.
  2. generates new knowledge by focusing on our thinking.
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11
Q

Explain case studies

A

It focuses on one subject in detail.

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12
Q

Advantages on case studies

A
  • Rich descriptive detail
  • Suggests hypothesis for future study
  • Can study rare behaviors
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13
Q

Disadvantages on case studies

A
  • Cannot establish cause and effect
  • Cause may not be representative
  • Often relies on researchers objective opinion
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14
Q

What is natural observation?

A

behavior observed in the setting it naturally occurs

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15
Q

Advantages of natural observation

A
  • Can provide detailed information about the nature.
  • Researchers can get realistic pictures of certain behaviors occurring in natural settings.
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16
Q

Disadvantages of natural observation

A
  • observer’s presence may affect the behavior of the participants.
  • observer/ researcher can be biased and interpret in their own way.
  • Cannot establish cause and effect.
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17
Q

what is survays

A

Questions or tests administered to a sample from a population.

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18
Q

Advantages of surveys

A
  • Can obtain large amounts of data on a large scale of people.
  • A properly drawn representative sample gives accurate information about the broader population.
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19
Q

Disadvantages of surveys

A
  • Unrepresentative samples yield misleading results.
  • Surveys need to be reliable and valid.
  • Interviewer and social desirably bias distract findings.
20
Q

Six steps to follow in Thematic Analysis

A

Phase 1:familiarizing yourself with your data
Phase 2:generating initial codes
Phase 3:searching for themes
Phase 4:reviewing themes
Phase 5:defining and naming themes
Phase 6:producing the report

21
Q

Advantages of Thematic Analysis

A
  • flexible
  • quick and easy to learn and do
  • Results are generally accessible to educated general public.
22
Q

why do we use qualitative research?

A
  • when a phenomenon needs to be explored
  • When we need a detailed understanding of the problem
  • When we want to understand the context participants experience issues.
23
Q

Different types of interviews

A

structured
semi structured
unstructured

24
Q

10 commandments of interviews

A
  1. Never begin an interview cold
  2. Think about your appearance
  3. Be respectful
  4. Practice
  5. Interview in a comfortable place
25
Q

Focus group adv

A
  • Allows naturalistic interaction
  • opportunity to gather information on a situation.
26
Q

focus group dis adv

A
  • Large amount of data
  • Transcription is time-consuming
  • Researcher needs to be skilled
27
Q

advantages of diary studies

A
  • It allows insight into events and experiences as they happen.
  • insight on the timeline of events
28
Q

disadvantages of diary studies?

A
  • Dropout rates are high
  • Unsure if the instructions were followed
  • May alter daily experience’s
29
Q

Observations adv.

A
  • Allows researchers to see experiences as they happen
30
Q

observation dis adv.

A

People may behave differently

31
Q

Web-based data adv.

A
  • Rich in detail, can focus on a specific topic.
32
Q

Web-based data dis adv.

A
  • Anonymity may allow people to lie
  • Only internet users
33
Q

media and text sources adv.

A

-reduces the need to collect new data
- No need to recruit

34
Q

media and text sources dis adv.

A
  • A vast amount of media sources can tempt you to use them inappropriately.
  • can only be used for specific; research questions.
35
Q

Adv of correlational studies?

A
  • Allows prediction
  • Examine issues that can’t be studied practically or ethically.
36
Q

Dis adv of correlational studies?

A
  • Correlation does not equal causation
  • Cannot establish cause and effect
37
Q

Experimental studies adv.

A

Best method for examining cause and effect of variables.

38
Q

Experimental studies dis adv.

A

careful design is essential, otherwise, confounds can threaten validity.

39
Q

Why do a correlational study?

A
  • Allows prediction
  • Only practical method
  • Identify real-world associations that can’t be studied in a lab.
40
Q

explain ordinal

A

Rank

41
Q

explain Nominal

A

category not ranked in order

42
Q

interval

A

no true 0

43
Q

ratio

A

true 0

44
Q

What does a good experiment have?

A

Random assignment
large sample size
reliable and valid operational variables

45
Q

Confounds are?

A

Other factors that can affect your study

46
Q

what is placebo effects

A

Change in behavior bc of expectations not treatment.

47
Q

What are three fundamental principles?

A
  • Autonomy, free choice and consent
  • Justice, fairness
  • Beneficence, Benefits must outweigh the risk

Qualitative methoods (1 decks)

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